明清之际,以天主教耶稣会教士利玛窦、汤若望等来华开始了第一次西学东渐。由于清雍正帝的禁教令(1724年)和罗马教皇克莱孟十四下令取缔耶稣会(1773年)而中断。19世纪初,以马礼逊为代表的基督教新教来华教士开始了第二次西学东渐。这些来华的天主教耶稣会教士和基督教新教教士,面对的是具有5000年悠久文化的东方大 On the occasion of the Ming and Qing dynasties, the first Western learning began in China with the Catholic Jesuits’ priests, Matteo Ricci and Thomas Sommelier. It was interrupted by the Prohibition Order (1724) of Emperor Yongzheng of the Qing Dynasty and the Pope Clement Monarch 14 that ordered the banning of the Jesuits (1773). At the beginning of 19th century, the Protestant Protestant missionaries represented by Morrison embarked on the second western learning. These Catholic Jesuits and Protestant Protestants who come to China are confronted with the oriental culture of 5,000 years