我国铁路工程技术规范中特殊条件下的路基一节列入裂隙粘土路基。裂隙粘土指多裂隙超固结为膨胀性粘土矿物所组成的一种硬粘土,国际上亦称为超(预)固结粘土。地基工程则称为膨胀土。堑坡工程和地基工程各自侧重土危害最大的方面,因而命名不一,正好全面地反映土的特征。随着工程规模的日益扩大,出现了地区性的或非常见的土,其中大部份是粘性土,关于土的一般知识逐渐显得不够用了,又因为国际交往增多,必须做进一步研究。我国在援外工 China’s railway engineering specifications under the special conditions of the roadbed included in a cracked clay roadbed. Cracked clay refers to a kind of hard clay composed of multi-fracture overconsolidated expansive clay minerals. It is also called super (pre) consolidated clay in the world. Foundation works are called expansive soil. The cutting slope engineering and foundation engineering each focus on the aspects of the greatest damage to the soil, so different names, exactly reflect the characteristics of the soil. As the scale of the project expands, local or unusual soil appears. Most of them are clayey soils. The general knowledge about soil gradually becomes inadequate. Because of the increase in international exchanges, further research must be done. Our country is helping foreign workers