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目的研究1.5周岁儿童口腔运动功能和气质的相关性,为儿童喂养困难提供新理论和指导临床治疗。方法随机选取2015年1—3月在淮安市妇幼保健院儿保科门诊就诊的喂养困难儿童共200例,该研究取得该院伦理委员会通过及儿童监护人的知情同意权,进行《婴幼儿饮食问题与口腔运动功能问卷》和《中国1~3岁儿童气质量表》(CTTS)问卷调查。该研究采用三盲法,即研究者、被调查者和分析者互盲,研究者制定试验流程,统一指导语,培训调查员。调查员向监护人讲解问卷内容,填写注意事项,不暗示。统计员整理、回收问卷,进行统计分析。结果 1患儿均完成问卷调查,口腔运动功能包括吸吮、吞咽、咀嚼、口唇和舌部能力,缺陷率分别为62.5%、56.5%、43.5%、15.5%和10.5%。气质类型分易养型、中间型、发动缓慢型和困难型,比率分别为58.5%、35.5%、4.0%和2.0%。2吸吮、吞咽和咀嚼能力缺陷与发动缓慢型和困难型气质差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),口唇和舌部能力缺陷与气质类型差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3儿童的口腔运动功能和气质类型均与父母的文化水平、主要抚养人、饮食性状和喂养方式差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 1.5周岁喂养困难儿童的口腔运动功能缺陷可能与气质类型有关,针对不同气质喂养苦难儿童早期给予调理,可能对改善喂养情况有较大帮助。
Objective To study the correlation between oral motor function and temperament in children of 1.5 years old and to provide new theories and guide clinical treatment for children’s feeding difficulties. Methods A total of 200 children with feeding difficulties were selected randomly from January to March 2015 in Huai’an Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital for outpatient care. The study obtained the informed consent of the hospital ethics committee and the guardian of the child, Oral motor function questionnaire “and” China 1 to 3 years old children’s temperament scale "(CTTS) questionnaire survey. The study used a three-blinded approach, where researchers, respondents and analysts were each other’s blind. The researchers developed a test procedure, unified instructional language, and trained investigators. Investigators explain the contents of the questionnaire to guardians, fill in matters needing attention, not implied. Statisticians sorting, recycling questionnaires, statistical analysis. Results 1 All the children completed the questionnaire. The oral motor function included the ability of sucking, swallowing, chewing, lip and tongue, the defect rates were 62.5%, 56.5%, 43.5%, 15.5% and 10.5% respectively. Temperament type sub-easy type, intermediate, slow-onset and difficult type, the rates were 58.5%, 35.5%, 4.0% and 2.0%. There were significant differences between the ability of sucking, swallowing, chewing and the onset of slow and difficult temperament (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in lip and tongue abilities and temperament between the two groups (P> 0.05). The level of oral motor function and temperament of children were significantly different from their parents’ level of education, major dependents, dietary traits and feeding patterns (P <0.05). Conclusions Oral motor deficits in 1.5-year-old feeding-impaired children may be related to the type of temperament. Early treatment of miscarried children with different temperaments may be helpful in improving feeding.