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目的 :评价南通市消灭脊髓灰质炎免疫策略效果。方法 :根据 1980～ 2 0 0 0年南通市计划免疫资料 ,通过EXCEL电子表格计算历年来脊髓灰质炎疫苗 (OPV )常规免疫接种率、校正接种率、调查接种率、流动儿童接种率、强化免疫接种率、核查服苗率 ,除用上述指标分别评价基础免疫、强化免疫外 ,还用出生队列分析评价强化免疫。结果 :1980～ 2 0 0 0年OPV基础免疫报告接种率、校正接种率、调查接种率均在 90 %以上 ,0～ 7岁流动儿童OPV基础免疫接种率在 88.94%～ 97.6 8% ,1998～ 2 0 0 0年度寄外儿童与寄内儿童OPV接种率在统计学上均存在显著性差异。 1990～ 2 0 0 0年强化免疫报告接种率均大于 95 % ,出生队列分析表明 0岁组儿童漏种率较高 ,漏种儿童的比例逐年下降。结论 :南通市OPV的免疫接种率稳定在高水平 ,免疫策略达到预期效果 ,提示做好流动儿童免疫接种将是今后免疫策略的重点
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of polio immunization strategy in Nantong City. Methods: Based on the immunization data of Nantong City from 1980 to 2000, routine polio vaccination rate, calibration vaccination rate, investigation coverage rate, floating child vaccination rate and intensive immunity were calculated by EXCEL spreadsheet over the years Inoculation rate, check the rate of clothing clothes, in addition to the above indicators were used to assess the basic immunity, strengthen the immune, but also with the birth cohort evaluation of enhanced immunity. Results: The immunization coverage rate, corrected vaccination rate and investigation coverage of OPV were all over 90% from 1980 to 2000. The basic immunization rate of OPV in children aged 0-7 years ranged from 88.94% to 97.68% There was a statistically significant difference in the OPV vaccination rates between the sent-out and the sent-in children in 2000. The immunization coverage rate of all reports of intensive immunization from 1990 to 2000 was more than 95%. Birth cohort analysis showed that the rate of missed immunization among children in 0-year-old group was high, and the proportion of missing children decreased year by year. Conclusion: The immunization coverage rate of OPV in Nantong City is stable at a high level, and the immunization strategy achieves the expected effect, suggesting that immunization of floating children will be the focus of future immunization strategies.