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中枢神经损伤后的再生问题一直是近年来研究的热点,视神经作为中枢神经的代表在中枢神经系统损伤及再生的课题中得到了广泛而深入的研究。已有研究表明:哺乳类动物的视神经本身具有再生潜能,只是由于局部微环境阻止了视神经的再生。研究视神经的微环境及微环境的影响因素是研究视神经再生的关键。施万细胞(SCs)是一种主要的周围神经胶质细胞,可分泌多种神经营养因子,产生细胞外基质和细胞黏附分子,在视网膜神经节细胞再生中起重要的作用,可为视神经损伤的修复提供良好的微环境。本文就SCs的功能和在视神经保护中的作用以及SCs的移植应用前景进行综述。
The regeneration of central nervous system after injury has been a hot topic in recent years. As a representative of central nervous system, optic nerve has been extensively and deeply studied in the subject of central nervous system injury and regeneration. Studies have shown that: the mammalian optic nerve itself has a regenerative potential, just because the local microenvironment to prevent the regeneration of the optic nerve. To study the optic nerve microenvironment and microenvironment influencing factors is the key to the study of optic nerve regeneration. Schwann cells (SCs) are a major type of peripheral glial cells that secrete a variety of neurotrophic factors that produce extracellular matrix and cell adhesion molecules that play an important role in the regeneration of retinal ganglion cells, which can damage the optic nerve The fixes provide a good microenvironment. This review summarizes the function of SCs and the role of SCs in optic nerve protection, as well as the prospect of transplantation of SCs.