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本文提出用沿轴向纵波声时差以测螺栓的轴向应力，推导了声时差与应力的关系．利用声时差测螺栓轴向应力，能克服耦会误差”“，同时还能克服温度引起的伸缩及波速变化的声时误差·本文还导出并且从实验上测出了，只与螺栓材料有关，而与螺栓的夹紧长度，直径，总长无关的常数，简化了测量过程．经实验测定，在夹紧长度大于30mm，应力低于240MPa时，应力最大误差小于±4MPa．本文还分析了声时，夹紧长度测量误差所导致的应力误差．
In this paper, the axial stress of the bolt is measured by the time lag along the longitudinal longitudinal wave, and the relationship between acoustic time difference and stress is deduced. The use of acoustic time-difference test bolt axial stress, can overcome the coupling error “”, but also to overcome the temperature-induced telescopic and velocity variation of the acoustic time error. This paper also derived and experimentally determined, only with the bolt material, And the bolt length, diameter, total length has nothing to do with the constant, simplifying the measurement process. The experimental determination, the clamping length is greater than 30mm, stress less than 240MPa, the maximum stress error less than ± 4MPa. The paper also analyzes the stress error caused by the measurement error of sounding and clamping length.