在教学过程中 ,我发现许多学生不能明确区分借喻和借代这两种修辞格。下面 ,我用代数中的集合概念来明辨二者的区别。比喻就是“打比方”。即两种不同性质的事物 ,彼此有相似点 ,就用一事物来比另一事物的一种修辞格。借喻是比喻的一类 ,亦具有比喻的基本条件———构成比喻的 In the course of teaching, I found that many students cannot clearly distinguish between rhetoric and borrowing. Below, I use the concepts of collections in algebra to discern the difference between the two. The metaphor is “fighting analogy.” That is, two kinds of things of different nature have similarities with each other, and they use one thing to compare with the rhetoric of the other. Metaphor is a kind of metaphor, which also has the basic condition of figurative metaphor.