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对“崇高”的分析是康德美学体系中的重要方面,他关于崇高的观点既反映出浪漫主义时期的整体审美特征[1],也对浪漫主义运动的发展产生了深刻的影响。有很多浪漫主义时期的作家都受到了康德哲学思想的影响,美国浪漫主义时期的重要代表作家霍桑就是其中之一。他的著名小说《红字》中充满着“压抑”、“恐惧”的氛围,使读者在阅读的过程中,内心产生强烈的崇高感,尤其是作品中的女主人公海丝特,作为一名女性自我意识的觉醒者以及父权社会里的反抗者和受害者,这些形象赋予了她崇高的美学特征。本文试以康德的《论优美感和崇高感》中的美学理论对海丝特的崇高形象进行具体的分析。
The analysis of “sublime ” is an important aspect of Kant’s aesthetic system. His lofty viewpoints not only reflect the overall aesthetic characteristics of the romantic period [1], but also have a profound impact on the development of the romantic movement. Many Romantic writers were influenced by Kant’s philosophical thought. One of them, Hawthorne, one of the important representative writers of the American Romantic period, was one of them. His famous novel “Scarlet Letter” is full of atmosphere of “depression” and “fear”, which makes the readers have a strong sense of loft in their reading process, especially the heroine Hester in the works, As a woman’s self-awareness of the awakening and the patriarchy of the rebels and victims, these images gave her a lofty aesthetic characteristics. This article attempts to make a concrete analysis of Hester’s lofty image with Kant’s aesthetic theory in his “Theory of Exquisiteness and Loftiness.”