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活塞环是柴油机的关键零件之一,其质量好坏直接影响到主机的性能。由于活塞环是处在高速、高温、高压的恶劣条件下工作,并承受着摩擦磨损、磨粒磨损、熔着磨损和腐蚀磨损,所以它的材质必须具有良好的综合机械性能和耐磨性。我国一般采用普通合金铸铁制造,使用寿命比较低。以农用单缸柴油机为例,国内水平为1000～2000小时,省内为800～1200小时,与国外(3000小时以上)相比,差距不小。其主要问题有工作面和侧面磨损较快,弹力过早消失和容易疲劳折断等几个方面。因此,很有必要探索新的材质来提高活塞环的使用寿命。
Piston ring is one of the key parts of diesel engine, the quality of its direct impact on the performance of the host. Because the piston ring is working in harsh conditions of high speed, high temperature and high pressure, and subject to friction and wear, abrasive wear, welding wear and corrosion wear, so its material must have a good overall mechanical properties and wear resistance. China’s general use of ordinary alloy cast iron, the service life is relatively low. Take the agricultural single cylinder diesel engine as an example, the domestic level is 1000-2000 hours, and the province is 800-1200 hours. Compared with the foreign countries (over 3000 hours), the difference is not small. The main problems are working face and side wear faster, early disappearance of elastic and easy to break several aspects of fatigue. Therefore, it is necessary to explore new materials to improve the service life of piston rings.