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目的:探讨原发性高血压患者外周血微小RNA(microRNA)-126、microRNA-155、Klotho蛋白和转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)蛋白表达的意义。方法:选择丽水市中心医院2015年12月至2018年12月收治的原发性高血压患者80例为研究对象；另选择丽水市中心医院2015年12月至2018年12月健康体检者80例为对照组。采用反转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)法检测microRNA-126和microRNA-155表达；采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA法)检测Klotho蛋白和TGF-β1蛋白表达。比较两组收缩压和舒张压变化，外周血microRNA-126和microRNA-155表达及Klotho蛋白和TGF-β1蛋白表达。结果:高血压组外周血microRNA-126(0.23±0.07)、microRNA-155(0.84±0.14)，均低于对照组的(1.16±0.24)和(1.37±0.21)，差异均有统计学意义(n t＝33.273、18.782，均n P<0.05)；高血压组血清Klotho蛋白(123.42±9.47)ng/L，低于对照组的(143.56±14.68)ng/L，而血清TGF-β1蛋白(561.32±58.39)ng/L，高于对照组的(408.97±25.13)ng/L，差异均有统计学意义(n t＝10.312、21.436，均n P<0.05)。n 结论:原发性高血压患者外周血microRNA-126和microRNA-155表达下调，Klotho蛋白下调及TGF-β1蛋白上调，对临床诊疗有一定的指导意义。“,”Objective:To investigate the expression of microRNA-126, microRNA-155, Klotho protein and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in peripheral blood of patients with essential hypertension.Methods:From December 2015 to December 2018, 80 patients with essential hypertension admitted to Lishui Central Hospital were selected in the study, and 80 healthy people from Lishui Central Hospital from December 2015 to December 2018 were selected as the control group.The expressions of microRNA-126 and microRNA-155 were detected by RT-PCR, and the expressions of Klotho and TGF-β1 were detected by ELISA.The changes of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, the expressions of microRNA-126 and microRNA-155 in peripheral blood, Klotho protein and TGF-β1 protein were compared between the two groups.Results:The expression of microRNA-126 (0.23±0.07) and microRNA-155 (0.84±0.14) in peripheral blood of the hypertension group was lower than that of the control group [(1.16±0.24) and (1.37±0.21)] (n t=33.273, 18.782, all n P<0.05). The serum levels of Klotho protein in the hypertension group[(123.42±9.47)ng/L] was lower than that in the control group [(143.56±14.68)ng/L], while the serum level of TGF-β1 protein the hypertension group[(561.32±58.39)ng/L] was higher than that in the control group [(408.97±25.13)ng/L] (n t=10.312, 21.436, alln P<0.05).n Conclusion:The expression of microRNA-126 and microRNA-155 in peripheral blood of patients with essential hypertension is down-regulated, and the expression of Klotho protein and TGF-β1 protein is up-regulated, which has certain guiding significance for clinical diagnosis and treatment.