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目的了解澳门儿童家庭被动吸烟状况,探讨其危险因素,为儿童被动吸烟干预措施的制定提供科学依据。方法采用方便抽样方法抽取澳门花地玛堂区875名6~14岁儿童家长,调查儿童家庭被动吸烟状况,采用非条件logistic回归分析方法分析影响儿童家庭被动吸烟的危险因素。结果在回收的875份有效问卷中,儿童家庭总被动吸烟率为37.0%,儿童每日被动吸烟率为28.3%,不同性别儿童被动吸烟率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.326,P>0.05);父亲吸烟率高达43.7%,母亲和祖父母或外祖父母吸烟率分别为3.8%、8.3%;父亲吸烟是导致儿童家庭被动吸烟最主要的危险因素(OR=34.061,95%CI=21.819~53.173),而父亲文化程度(OR=0.606,95%CI=0.513~0.716)和母亲年龄(OR=0.973,95%CI=0.950~0.997)是父亲吸烟的保护因素,与双亲家庭相比,单亲母亲的吸烟率较高(OR=8.137,95%CI=3.209~20.637)。结论澳门儿童被动吸烟率较高,父亲吸烟是儿童家庭被动吸烟最主要的危险因素。提高父亲的文化程度和自身修养,建立良好的家庭关系有益于降低父母的吸烟率,从而有效降低儿童家庭被动吸烟率。
Objective To understand the status of passive smoking among children in Macao and to explore the risk factors and to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of interventions for passive smoking in children. Methods A total of 875 parents of children aged 6-14 years were enrolled in the maternity and child care district of Maucao, Macao, using the convenience sampling method. The passive smoking status of children was investigated. Non-conditional logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of passive smoking among children. Results Among the 875 valid questionnaires collected, the total passive smoking rate was 37.0% in children and 28.3% in children, respectively. There was no significant difference in passive smoking among children (χ2 = 0.326, P> 0.05) ; Smoking rates of fathers were as high as 43.7%, and smoking rates of mothers, grandparents and grandparents were 3.8% and 8.3% respectively; father smoking was the most important risk factor of passive smoking in children (OR = 34.061,95% CI = 21.819-53.173) (OR = 0.606, 95% CI = 0.513 ~ 0.716) and mother’s age (OR = 0.973, 95% CI = 0.950-0.997) were the protective factors of father’s smoking. Compared with parents, the single mother’s The smoking rate was higher (OR = 8.137, 95% CI = 3.209 ~ 20.637). Conclusion The passive smoking rate of children in Macao is relatively high. Smoking by fathers is the most important risk factor of passive smoking in children. Improve their father’s education and self-cultivation, establish good family relations is conducive to reducing smoking rates of parents, thus effectively reducing the rate of passive smoking in children’s homes.