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转换经济增长方式,推动产业升级已经成为当下中国面临的首要挑战。本文旨在探讨产业升级的微观机理及其制度基础。文章认为,产业升级的本质是企业升级,也即社会中的企业普遍更有意愿进行创新投入。现实社会中,由于政府扮演角色的差异,导致企业升级的意愿有所不同。通过构建动态博弈模型,文章得出两个推论:(1)政府提供的知识产权保护力度越强,越有利于产业升级;(2)政府掌控市场资源的能力越强,越不利于产业升级。随后,文章运用中国2001—2010年10年30省市的面板数据对上述结论进行了实证检验。基于以上分析,文章最后指出,转换政府职能,增强知识产权保护力度,减少对各类要素资源的价格扭曲将能增强企业创新动力,这是中国产业升级的重要制度基础。
Transforming the mode of economic growth and promoting industrial upgrading have become the primary challenge facing China today. This article aims to explore the micro-mechanism of industrial upgrading and its institutional basis. The article holds that the essence of industrial upgrading is the upgrading of enterprises, that is, enterprises in society are generally more willing to make innovative investments. In the real world, the willingness of enterprises to upgrade is different due to the difference of roles played by the government. By constructing a dynamic game model, the article draws two corollaries: (1) The stronger the protection of intellectual property provided by the government, the more conducive to industrial upgrading; (2) The stronger the government’s ability to control market resources, the less conducive to industrial upgrading. Subsequently, the article uses the panel data of 30 provinces and cities in China during the decade of 2001-2010 to test the above conclusion. Based on the above analysis, the article concludes that it is an important institutional foundation for industrial upgrading in China to transform government functions, enhance intellectual property protection and reduce price distortions of various types of factor resources so as to enhance the motivation of enterprise innovation.