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目的探讨牛黄解毒片方中中药配伍对有毒中药雄黄是否具有减毒作用及其可能减毒药味。方法设立牛黄解毒片全方及其不同拆方组,ICR小鼠经口给药9周后,采用彗星技术、骨髓细胞微核技术、组织病理等方法,观察牛黄解毒片方中中药配伍对有毒中药雄黄引起的遗传毒性及肝、肾组织损伤的影响。结果与单味雄黄组比较,牛黄解毒片全方组的小鼠外周血细胞DNA损伤、骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核形成率、精子畸变率及肝、肾损伤明显减低;与全方组比较,全方中撤去甘草、黄芩、大黄三味中药后,微核形成率、精子畸变率及肝、肾组织结构未见明显改变,但DNA损伤作用明显增强,且肝细胞及肾小管上皮细胞水肿增加。结论牛黄解毒片全方配伍对雄黄有减毒作用,减毒药味可能与甘草、黄芩、大黄有关。
Objective To investigate whether the compatibility of traditional Chinese medicine Niuhuang Jiedu Tablet with realgar can attenuate toxicity and reduce the toxicity of realgar. Methods The animal model of bezoar detoxification tablets and its different demolition groups were established. After 9 weeks of oral administration, ICR mice were treated with comet assay, bone marrow micronucleus test and histopathology. Genotoxicity induced by realgar and the effects of liver and kidney injury. Results Compared with single realgar group, DNA damage of peripheral blood cells, micronucleus formation rate of bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes, abnormality rate of sperm and liver and kidney damage were significantly decreased in Niuhuangjiedu tablet group compared with those in the whole recipe group After removal of licorice root, skullcap and rhubarb, the micronucleus formation rate, sperm aberration rate, liver and kidney tissue structure were not significantly changed, but DNA damage was significantly enhanced, and the edema of hepatocytes and tubular epithelial cells increased. Conclusion Niuhuang Jiedu tablets all-round compatibility of realgar has attenuated the role of attenuated drug may be related to licorice, skullcap, rhubarb.