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目的 探讨儿童肺不张的病因及特征。方法 对我院经一般抗炎治疗无效的 36 7例肺不张患儿应用纤维支气管镜进行病因诊断分析。结果 本组肺不张病例中以炎症最为多见 ,共 2 0 7例 ,占 5 6 .4% ;异物 6 2例(16 9% )、支气管内膜结核 44例 (12 0 % )分居第二、三位。右中叶病变以炎症为主者占 72 5 % ;异物以右下叶多见 ,与右上叶、右中叶相比差异有显著意义 ;结核发生部位间未显示统计学差异。≤ 3岁组肺不张病因以异物最为多见 ,与其他各年龄组相比差异均有非常显著意义 ;>7岁组以炎症多见 ,与≤ 3岁组 (包括≤ 1岁组 )相比差异有显著意义。结论 儿童肺不张病因有其自身特点 ,以炎症、异物及结核为其三大主因 ;≤ 3岁组肺不张病因以异物为主。
Objective To investigate the etiology and characteristics of children with atelectasis. Methods 367 cases of atelectasis in our hospital after general anti-inflammatory treatment were diagnosed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Results The most common inflammation in this series of atelectasis cases was 207 cases (56.4%), 62 cases (16.9%) of foreign bodies and 44 cases (120%) of endobronchial tuberculosis Two or three. Right middle lobe lesions accounted for 72.5% of the main inflammation; foreign body more common in the lower right lobe, and right upper lobe, right middle lobe differences were significant; tuberculous sites did not show statistical differences. The cause of atelectasis was the most common in ≤ 3 years old group, with significant difference compared with other age groups. Inflammation was more common in> 7 years old group, with ≤ 3 years old group (≤ 1 year old group) The difference is significant. Conclusion The etiology of children with atelectasis has its own characteristics, with inflammation, foreign body and tuberculosis as its three major causes; the cause of atelectasis in children ≤ 3 years old is mainly foreign body.