论文部分内容阅读
摘 要:文章就语篇教学前,为检查学生的预习效果,对课文思考设计了阅读理解和类似概要写作的短文语法填词测试。旨在让日常教学与高考接轨平常化,重点训练学生把握关键词句和熟练运用语言的能力,培养其良好的阅读习惯,并在规定的时间内,学会把握重要词块,语块,获取信息和提炼信息等,从而有效提高解题技巧,为今后高考获取高分打下坚实的基础。
关键词:阅读理解;限时训练;答案解析;概作比较;短文填空
一、阅读理解思考设计
I.选择最佳答案(每小题2分,限时3分钟)
1.Where do you think the article might have been published?__
A.A Science magazine. B.A Magazine about famous people.
C.A local newspaper. D.A popular advertisement.
此细节题选C。最后一段第一行有一个关键词:newspaper.
2.What qualities do you think Xie Lei has EXCEPT_____.
A.firm and brave B.independent and confident
C.determined and hard-working D.active and warm-hearted
此綜合题选D。关于谢蕾的品质,从第一段中的“为梦想不远万里独自一人前往英国求学”可推出谢蕾是一个勇敢、坚定、独立的女生。从第五自然段的关键句“I lacked confidence, but now I am beginning to get the idea... a more autonomous.”可知“Through hard work, she's becoming more confident.”从第六自然段倒数二三句“I think it's important to have a balance between study and a social life,...join a few clubs...make some new friends.So we can know she's becoming more confident and lives an active life.”可知,而文本未提及“warm-hearted”。
3.Xie Lei has decided to join several clubs so as to___
A.have fun. B. make a few new friends. C. succeed. D. have a balance between study and life.
此细节题选B。关键的句子是第六自然段最后三句。此题最大的干扰项是D,很多学生忽略a social life。
4.From the passage, which is not inferred ?
______
A.In many ways, she is becoming more confident.
B.She's benefited a great deal from a host family and her tutors.
C.She misses her family.
D.She'll take an active part in activities.
此推断题选C。关键句是第四自然段最后一句“When I miss my family,...”它是文本的陈述,不是推断题。
5.Which matches is Right after Xie Lei studies in London._____
A.Life--novel and challenging.
B.Language--Chinese and English.
C.Character—outgoing and positive.
D.Attitude—optimistic and active.
此综合题选 A。从生活、语言、性格、态度四个方面设题,学生做得最糟糕。A、C、D三个选项中,学生多数选C、D。存在的问题:①不知novel=new;②性格和态度的词不分。
6.Here are four WELL, which function is different from the rest?______.
A.feel well B.live well C.fit in well D.do well
此整合题选A。“live well”是Book 7 Unit 1的标题,联系本单元的新短语“fit in well”,温故知新。同时,整合“well”常见的词性应用及动词搭配可知A. feel well为系表结构,C、D两个选项分别为do well (in sth). fit in well (with sb/sth).
高考语篇考查,一般每篇时间控制在7~8分钟。日常教学实施与高考接轨的平常化,有利于学生学会合理把握时间,提高解题速度,为获取有效分奠定基础。
II.短文填空(每空1.5分,计15分,限时10分钟)
此题对文本进行概括改写,除了与高考语法考查有效接轨,也为后续概要写作的学习训练作铺垫。同时对所给材料提示考查的应用文写作,亦起到同等的训练作用。概括文章大意,学生必须将所学知识在规定时间内进行重组,这就必然涉及词块、语块、语法等的恰当运用。高考对应用文和概要写作或读后续写方面的考查,都是考查学生正确运用语言的综合能力,但显然概要写作或读后续写的难度更高。因此,日常教与学的过程中,对学生概括语篇习惯的养成,提高学生综合驾驭语言能力等方面,教师必须作为教学规划的一个重难点,不断探究,实施突破。概作技巧掌握后,再进行读后续写的训练。因为,高考英语对作文实施的新改革主要有:①应用文占15分;②概要写作或读后续写占25分。从试卷总分150分,作文占40分的比例来看,对写作明显抬高了要求。事实上就是对综合运用语言能力要求的提高。学生想要在高考中获取高分,教师的日常实施、分配、规划等必然起着至关重要的作用。 在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式(不超过2个词)。
Passage1.The article tells us a girl 1 (call) Xie Lei studies abroad alone. Half a year ago, to achieve her dream, she came to London to study for a business qualification. In the beginning, 2 she had much difficulty 3 (get)used to a whole new way of life, she didn't lose heart. On the contrary, she faced all 4 (brave)and managed to overcome 5 .
At present, living with a host family who give her a lot of good advice 6 of great benefit to her. Meanwhile, 7 the help of her tutors, she has adjusted herself to the Western University’s way of learning. Much to our joy, the Chinese girl fitting in well is dying 8 (take) part in several 9 (activity) so as to have 10 balance between study and a social life. Wish Xie Lei all the best in her enterprises and keep it up.
(1)考查过去分词短语担任定语。 a girl called/named+名字,相当于一个含有被动语态的定语从句。a girl who/that is called Xie Lei.
(2)考查让步状语从句although/though/while。通过上下语境,刚出国时困难重重,但她不气馁, 勇敢面对,设法克服。
(3)考查动名词getting...担任介宾。have much difficulty (in) doing sth. 此题错误率较高,多数学生忽略了(in)。
(4)副词bravely作状语,注意书写,限定动词face。
(5)代词it指代上文所有的困难,all指代物时,作单数。
(6)考查一般现在时和主谓一致:is动名词担任主语,谓语动词用单数,人称和数保持一致。
(7)介词短语with one's help=with the help of sb。
(8)考查不定式to take,be dying to do sth.渴望做某事。这是Book 7 Unit 4的词块。现在分词fitting in well.担任定语,修饰girl。
(9)activities/several修饰可数名词的复数。
(10)冠词a, have a balance between A and B. 位于第六自然段倒数第三句。
从学生提交的答案反映出如下问题:①高频词错误率高;②普通常识欠缺;③词块掌握不熟练;④句子结构分析混乱。显然,日常的教学实践和学生的即时反馈,更便于教师明确解惑的方向。短文填空的设计既可检验学生对课文内容掌握的程度,又对语法填词进行了实时训练。通过知识的综合运用,利于发散学生的思维。而概要写作是高考英语写作改革的一项新技能,笔者也正是首批面对的教师。对此,日常教学培养学生关键的一项技能就是提炼关键词句,整合,注重上下句起合转承的词。句子控制在5~6句,每句10~15个词,不超过75个词。
比较:Passage2.The text is about a report 1that Xie Lei studies abroad by herself and fits in well in England. Six months ago, Xie Lei came to London to study for a business qualification so as 2 to realize her dream. All the difficulties 3 that she met made her unsettled in the beginning, but living with a host family makes all 4easier and she has benefited a great deal from 5 it.
Now, she 6 is getting used to the new environment and has adapted to the Western University’s way of learning. She lives 7 an active and a meaningful life. It is her 8 determination as well as hard work 9 that make her do well. 10 Hopefully, she can keep it up and wish her good luck in her studies.
筆者设计两篇类似概作的短文语法填词,目的在于让学生通过对比,明白一句多译的表达方式,发散其思维。对于程度不同的学生,笔者进行了梯度要求。这样的日常教学设计,旨在使学生在今后的写作中,无论应用文,概要写作,还是读后续写,都能做到对语言运用得游刃有余。这不仅利于学生逐步掌握概作模式的写作技巧,而且很大程度上提升了驾驭语言的综合能力。
二、作业
上面的两篇短文填词第一篇8句,第二篇7句,但都超过高考概要写作要求的60个字左右。这就要求学生思考如何将其压缩到5~6句,提炼关键点并进行归纳,做到文字的简洁凝练。除此之外,要求学生根据自己对文章的理解,复述课文。教师在日常教与学的实施中,一定要明确到位,使学生对考查的新方向做到心中有数,从容应对。
本课的思考设计主要体现了日常教学中笔者是如何与高考考查进行有效接轨的。通过阅读理解、短文语法填词、概括文章等题目的思考测试训练,提高学生驾驭语言和获取信息等方面的综合能力。这不仅增强了学生的有效学习,节约了时间,而且也为其今后沉着应对高考打下了坚实的基础。教师的有效设计可以帮助学生少走弯路,不断提高学习效率,也为学生未来更好地继续学习和深造培养了良好的学习习惯。
[参考文献]
[1]中华人民共和国教育部.普通高中英语课程标准(2017年版)[S].北京:人民教育出版社,2018.
[2]陈志强.语篇分析模式下的高中英语阅读教学实践[J]. 高考,2019(17):43.
作者简介:赵建凤(1969—),女,高级教师,本科,研究方向:高中英语教学。
关键词:阅读理解;限时训练;答案解析;概作比较;短文填空
一、阅读理解思考设计
I.选择最佳答案(每小题2分,限时3分钟)
1.Where do you think the article might have been published?__
A.A Science magazine. B.A Magazine about famous people.
C.A local newspaper. D.A popular advertisement.
此细节题选C。最后一段第一行有一个关键词:newspaper.
2.What qualities do you think Xie Lei has EXCEPT_____.
A.firm and brave B.independent and confident
C.determined and hard-working D.active and warm-hearted
此綜合题选D。关于谢蕾的品质,从第一段中的“为梦想不远万里独自一人前往英国求学”可推出谢蕾是一个勇敢、坚定、独立的女生。从第五自然段的关键句“I lacked confidence, but now I am beginning to get the idea... a more autonomous.”可知“Through hard work, she's becoming more confident.”从第六自然段倒数二三句“I think it's important to have a balance between study and a social life,...join a few clubs...make some new friends.So we can know she's becoming more confident and lives an active life.”可知,而文本未提及“warm-hearted”。
3.Xie Lei has decided to join several clubs so as to___
A.have fun. B. make a few new friends. C. succeed. D. have a balance between study and life.
此细节题选B。关键的句子是第六自然段最后三句。此题最大的干扰项是D,很多学生忽略a social life。
4.From the passage, which is not inferred ?
______
A.In many ways, she is becoming more confident.
B.She's benefited a great deal from a host family and her tutors.
C.She misses her family.
D.She'll take an active part in activities.
此推断题选C。关键句是第四自然段最后一句“When I miss my family,...”它是文本的陈述,不是推断题。
5.Which matches is Right after Xie Lei studies in London._____
A.Life--novel and challenging.
B.Language--Chinese and English.
C.Character—outgoing and positive.
D.Attitude—optimistic and active.
此综合题选 A。从生活、语言、性格、态度四个方面设题,学生做得最糟糕。A、C、D三个选项中,学生多数选C、D。存在的问题:①不知novel=new;②性格和态度的词不分。
6.Here are four WELL, which function is different from the rest?______.
A.feel well B.live well C.fit in well D.do well
此整合题选A。“live well”是Book 7 Unit 1的标题,联系本单元的新短语“fit in well”,温故知新。同时,整合“well”常见的词性应用及动词搭配可知A. feel well为系表结构,C、D两个选项分别为do well (in sth). fit in well (with sb/sth).
高考语篇考查,一般每篇时间控制在7~8分钟。日常教学实施与高考接轨的平常化,有利于学生学会合理把握时间,提高解题速度,为获取有效分奠定基础。
II.短文填空(每空1.5分,计15分,限时10分钟)
此题对文本进行概括改写,除了与高考语法考查有效接轨,也为后续概要写作的学习训练作铺垫。同时对所给材料提示考查的应用文写作,亦起到同等的训练作用。概括文章大意,学生必须将所学知识在规定时间内进行重组,这就必然涉及词块、语块、语法等的恰当运用。高考对应用文和概要写作或读后续写方面的考查,都是考查学生正确运用语言的综合能力,但显然概要写作或读后续写的难度更高。因此,日常教与学的过程中,对学生概括语篇习惯的养成,提高学生综合驾驭语言能力等方面,教师必须作为教学规划的一个重难点,不断探究,实施突破。概作技巧掌握后,再进行读后续写的训练。因为,高考英语对作文实施的新改革主要有:①应用文占15分;②概要写作或读后续写占25分。从试卷总分150分,作文占40分的比例来看,对写作明显抬高了要求。事实上就是对综合运用语言能力要求的提高。学生想要在高考中获取高分,教师的日常实施、分配、规划等必然起着至关重要的作用。 在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式(不超过2个词)。
Passage1.The article tells us a girl 1 (call) Xie Lei studies abroad alone. Half a year ago, to achieve her dream, she came to London to study for a business qualification. In the beginning, 2 she had much difficulty 3 (get)used to a whole new way of life, she didn't lose heart. On the contrary, she faced all 4 (brave)and managed to overcome 5 .
At present, living with a host family who give her a lot of good advice 6 of great benefit to her. Meanwhile, 7 the help of her tutors, she has adjusted herself to the Western University’s way of learning. Much to our joy, the Chinese girl fitting in well is dying 8 (take) part in several 9 (activity) so as to have 10 balance between study and a social life. Wish Xie Lei all the best in her enterprises and keep it up.
(1)考查过去分词短语担任定语。 a girl called/named+名字,相当于一个含有被动语态的定语从句。a girl who/that is called Xie Lei.
(2)考查让步状语从句although/though/while。通过上下语境,刚出国时困难重重,但她不气馁, 勇敢面对,设法克服。
(3)考查动名词getting...担任介宾。have much difficulty (in) doing sth. 此题错误率较高,多数学生忽略了(in)。
(4)副词bravely作状语,注意书写,限定动词face。
(5)代词it指代上文所有的困难,all指代物时,作单数。
(6)考查一般现在时和主谓一致:is动名词担任主语,谓语动词用单数,人称和数保持一致。
(7)介词短语with one's help=with the help of sb。
(8)考查不定式to take,be dying to do sth.渴望做某事。这是Book 7 Unit 4的词块。现在分词fitting in well.担任定语,修饰girl。
(9)activities/several修饰可数名词的复数。
(10)冠词a, have a balance between A and B. 位于第六自然段倒数第三句。
从学生提交的答案反映出如下问题:①高频词错误率高;②普通常识欠缺;③词块掌握不熟练;④句子结构分析混乱。显然,日常的教学实践和学生的即时反馈,更便于教师明确解惑的方向。短文填空的设计既可检验学生对课文内容掌握的程度,又对语法填词进行了实时训练。通过知识的综合运用,利于发散学生的思维。而概要写作是高考英语写作改革的一项新技能,笔者也正是首批面对的教师。对此,日常教学培养学生关键的一项技能就是提炼关键词句,整合,注重上下句起合转承的词。句子控制在5~6句,每句10~15个词,不超过75个词。
比较:Passage2.The text is about a report 1that Xie Lei studies abroad by herself and fits in well in England. Six months ago, Xie Lei came to London to study for a business qualification so as 2 to realize her dream. All the difficulties 3 that she met made her unsettled in the beginning, but living with a host family makes all 4easier and she has benefited a great deal from 5 it.
Now, she 6 is getting used to the new environment and has adapted to the Western University’s way of learning. She lives 7 an active and a meaningful life. It is her 8 determination as well as hard work 9 that make her do well. 10 Hopefully, she can keep it up and wish her good luck in her studies.
筆者设计两篇类似概作的短文语法填词,目的在于让学生通过对比,明白一句多译的表达方式,发散其思维。对于程度不同的学生,笔者进行了梯度要求。这样的日常教学设计,旨在使学生在今后的写作中,无论应用文,概要写作,还是读后续写,都能做到对语言运用得游刃有余。这不仅利于学生逐步掌握概作模式的写作技巧,而且很大程度上提升了驾驭语言的综合能力。
二、作业
上面的两篇短文填词第一篇8句,第二篇7句,但都超过高考概要写作要求的60个字左右。这就要求学生思考如何将其压缩到5~6句,提炼关键点并进行归纳,做到文字的简洁凝练。除此之外,要求学生根据自己对文章的理解,复述课文。教师在日常教与学的实施中,一定要明确到位,使学生对考查的新方向做到心中有数,从容应对。
本课的思考设计主要体现了日常教学中笔者是如何与高考考查进行有效接轨的。通过阅读理解、短文语法填词、概括文章等题目的思考测试训练,提高学生驾驭语言和获取信息等方面的综合能力。这不仅增强了学生的有效学习,节约了时间,而且也为其今后沉着应对高考打下了坚实的基础。教师的有效设计可以帮助学生少走弯路,不断提高学习效率,也为学生未来更好地继续学习和深造培养了良好的学习习惯。
[参考文献]
[1]中华人民共和国教育部.普通高中英语课程标准(2017年版)[S].北京:人民教育出版社,2018.
[2]陈志强.语篇分析模式下的高中英语阅读教学实践[J]. 高考,2019(17):43.
作者简介:赵建凤(1969—),女,高级教师,本科,研究方向:高中英语教学。