承包制,曾被誉为经济改革的“井岗山之路”。但是,随着现代企业制度的推行,由政府发包,企业承包的做法已经几乎不存在了。的确,这种承包制具有政企不分的特点,其废止在情理之中。但是,不能由此得出结论,认为承包制的历史使命已经结束,可以退出历史舞台了。国内外学者的研究都表明,在委托——代理关系中,由委托人与代理人商定一个基数,议定基数的委托人所有,超过基数部分的全部或大部都归代理人所有,这样的做法对代理人最有激励作用。因此,只要在委托代理关系存在,承包制就有其用武之地,而承包制的核心就在于基数的确定。据美国学者佩里的调查研究,美国现有75％的企业采用了“激励性工资计划”,也就是承包制。我国目前也有越来越多的大企业在企业内部实行承包制,以激励部门经理努力工作。另外,在国有资产经营公司和为它控股的实业公司之间,也实现了承包。显然,上述的这些承包,由于是企业行为,不会导致政企不分的后果。 Contract system, has been hailed as economic reform “Jinggangshan Road.” However, with the implementation of the modern enterprise system, outsourcing by the government, the practice of contracting business has almost nonexistent. Indeed, this kind of contract system has the characteristics of both government and enterprises, and its abolition is reasonable. However, it can not be concluded that the historical mission of the contract system is over and that it can withdraw from the stage of history. Domestic and foreign scholars have shown that in the principal-agent relationship, the principal and the agent agreed to a base, the base of the agreed base all, more than the base part of all or most of the agent owned, such practice The most incentive for agents. Therefore, as long as the relationship between the principal and the agency exists, the contracting system will have its use, and the core of the contracting system lies in the determination of the base. According to a survey conducted by American scholar Perry, 75% of the existing U.S. enterprises adopt the “Incentive Wage Plan,” which is the contract system. At present, more and more large enterprises in our country implement the contract system within the enterprise to encourage department managers to work hard. In addition, contracting was also achieved between the state-owned asset management company and the industrial company it controlled. Obviously, these contracting, as mentioned above, are the result of corporate actions and will not result in the indiscriminate separation of government from enterprises.