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目的:对小鼠低剂量辐射损伤模型进行初步研究并筛选敏感检测指标。方法:实验分7组,1组为正常组,其余6组用XHA600直线加速器射线照射,每组取一部分小鼠于照射后2、4、8、16h测定红细胞(RBC)、白细胞(WBC)、血小板(PLT)和血红蛋白(HGB)含量;测定小鼠肝脏和脾脏重量及其组织中的超氧化合物歧化酶(SOD)和丙二醛(MDA)含量;剩余小鼠于4周后观察骨髓切片中血细胞变化。结果:照射后4h测定血常规,发现累积辐射0.4Gy组小鼠RBC有降低趋势,WBC、HGB显著降低,PLT显著升高;肝脏、脾脏的湿质量显著降低;小鼠肝脏组织中MDA的含量显著升高、SOD的活力显著降低;4周后小鼠骨髓细胞的病理改变与单次照射剂量相关,单次较大剂量(如0.6Gy)照射对骨髓细胞影响较大,在4周观察期不能自身恢复,而多次累积照射对骨髓细胞病理改变较小。结论:小鼠低剂量辐射损伤模型的最佳造模剂量为累积照射0.4Gy即每次照射100mGy,间隔一天,连续照射4次。
OBJECTIVE: To study the low dose radiation injury model in mice and screen the sensitive detection indexes. Methods: The experiment was divided into seven groups, one group was normal group, and the other six groups were irradiated with XHA600 linear accelerator. A part of mice in each group were taken to test RBC, WBC, (PLT) and hemoglobin (HGB). The contents of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver and spleen of mice and their tissues were measured. The remaining mice were observed bone marrow slices Changes in blood cells. Results: The blood routine was determined 4h after irradiation. The RBC of the mice in the cumulative radiation 0.4Gy group showed a decreasing trend, the WBC, HGB and the PLT were significantly increased, while the wet weight of the liver and spleen was significantly decreased. The content of MDA (P <0.05), and the vitality of SOD decreased significantly. After 4 weeks, the pathological changes of mouse bone marrow cells were correlated with single irradiation dose. Single dose (0.6Gy) had a greater effect on bone marrow cells, Can not recover itself, and multiple cumulative irradiation pathological changes in bone marrow smaller. CONCLUSION: The optimal dose of radiation for mice model of low dose radiation is 0.4 Gy for cumulative irradiation, ie, 100 mGy per irradiation, one day after irradiation and 4 consecutive doses.