19世纪末以前 ,文学研究还不曾成为独立的社会活动。直到文学批评和专业文学研究兴起以后 ,人们才真正提出了文学特殊性和文学性的问题。于是 ,关于文学性的定义 ,成了 2 0世纪文学批评界和理论界的世纪课题 ,也成为世界难题之一。西方学者们对此进行了长期的、孜孜不倦的探索 Before the end of 19th century, literary studies had not yet become independent social activities. Until literary criticism and the rise of professional literature, people really raised the issue of literary specificity and literaryness. As a result, the definition of literary became the century issue of literary criticism and theorists in the 20th century, and it has become one of the world’s problems. Western scholars have conducted a long-term, tireless exploration