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象肠道菌群一样,阴道中也有许多常住菌,在阴道的防御机理中起重要作用。如由于卵巢激素的影响,阴道上皮发生保护性增生,并在细胞内储存大量糖原,以后上皮细胞脱落,因酶和阴道菌群的作用,使糖原分解为单糖类,再经细菌酵解形成乳酸等酸性产物,保持阴道内酸性使 pH 经常维持在4～5之间,这种环境能抑制大多数细菌的生长,起阴道自净作用。另一方面,阴道内常住菌还可作为条件致病菌引起内源性感染。如手术后创伤、分娩和其它损伤破坏了解剖组织上的屏障机构,在卵巢机能低下或其它全身性疾病时,均易导致阴道中一些菌(如大肠杆菌、胨球菌、拟杆菌)的入侵,引起生殖系统炎症。当然,部分的感染尚可来自肛门等邻近器官的细菌。
Like the gut flora, there are many resident bacteria in the vagina, which play an important role in the defense mechanism of the vagina. As a result of ovarian hormones, protective epithelial vaginal hyperplasia, and stored in the cell a large number of glycogen, later epithelial cells shedding, due to the role of enzymes and vaginal flora, the glycogen is decomposed into monosaccharides, and then bacterial fermentation Solution to the formation of acid products such as lactic acid, to maintain the vaginal acid so that the pH is often maintained at between 4 to 5, this environment can inhibit the growth of most bacteria, vaginal self-purification effect. On the other hand, vaginal bacteria can also be used as a condition caused by endogenous bacteria infection. Such as trauma surgery, childbirth and other damage undermining the anatomical barrier mechanism in the ovary or other systemic diseases, are susceptible to some bacteria in the vagina (such as E. coli, peptococcus, Bacteroides) invasion, Cause reproductive system inflammation. Of course, part of the infection can still come from bacteria such as the anus and other nearby organs.