[目的 ]探讨坐位和重体力工作人群腰背痛的患病情况及其相关危险因素。 [方法 ]对 3类工作人群 (固定体姿、重体力和教师等工种 ,以轻体力自由体姿教师组作为参比组 )采用标准问卷和体检等方法进行横断面调查 ,共调查3 5 6人 (3组分别为 81,181和 94人 )。 [结果 ]坐位、重体力和参比组的累积患病率分别为 79 0 % ,60 2 % ,45 8% ,年患病率分别为 74 1% ,46 4% ,3 7 5 % ,周患病率分别为 3 3 3 % ,13 3 % ,2 1 9% ;对偏倚进行控制后 ,坐位工人累积患病率、年患病率和周患病率与参比组比较的OR值分别为 8 2 ,8 0 ,3 1,而重体力工人则为 4 8,3 7,3 8(P值均小于 0 0 5 )。 [结论 ]固定体姿和重体力劳动都是工作相关腰背痛的重要危险因素 ,健康工人效应在重体力工人组表现明显 ,工种和工作体力要求评分可影响腰背痛的患病情况 ,主要混杂因素是年龄和工作满意度 [Objective] To investigate the prevalence and related risk factors of low back pain in sitting and heavy workforce. [Methods] The cross-sectional survey was conducted on 3 types of working population (fixed body posture, heavy physical strength and teachers and other types of work, with light physical fitness free-form teacher group as the reference group) using standard questionnaire and physical examination. A total of 3 5 6 People (3 groups were 81,181 and 94 people). [Results] The cumulative prevalence rates of sitting, heavy body and reference group were 79 0%, 60 2% and 45 8%, respectively. The annual prevalence rates were 74 1%, 46 4% and 37 5% respectively. The prevalences were 33.3%, 13.3% and 21.9% respectively. After controlling for bias, the cumulative prevalence, annual prevalence and weekly odds of sitting workers were significantly lower than those of the reference group Compared to 8 2, 8 0, 3 1, while heavy manual workers were 48,37,38 (P <0.05). [Conclusion] Both fixed posture and heavy manual work are important risk factors of work-related low back pain. The effect of healthy workers is obvious in severe manual workers group. The score of work types and physical work requirements can affect the prevalence of low back pain. The main Confounding factors are age and job satisfaction