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目的观察音乐治疗对应激哮喘大鼠血清皮质醇(CORT)、肺泡灌洗液白细胞介素-4(IL-4)及脑组织白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)水平的影响,探讨音乐治疗对应激哮喘大鼠免疫功能的影响。方法健康成年Wistar雄性大鼠32只,随机分为4组:正常对照组、哮喘模型组、应激哮喘组和音乐治疗组。用卵蛋白激发哮喘与束缚应激建立应激哮喘大鼠模型,以Mozart音乐作为缓解应激的方法。放射免疫法测定大鼠血清皮质醇、肺泡灌洗液IL-4及全脑IL-1β的含量。结果哮喘模型组IL-4含量明显高于正常对照组(P<0.05),应激哮喘组大鼠IL-4含量高于哮喘模型组(P<0.05),而音乐治疗组IL-4含量较应激哮喘组明显减少(P<0.05)。另外,应激哮喘组血清皮质醇水平较正常对照组显著升高(P<0.05),音乐治疗组与应激哮喘组比较,血清皮质醇水平明显下降(P<0.05)。应激哮喘组脑组织IL-1β含量高于正常对照组(P<0.05),其他各组无明显差异。结论心理应激加重哮喘大鼠肺组织炎性变化;音乐治疗可改善外周和中枢免疫指标,对应激大鼠的哮喘可能有一定的缓解作用。音乐治疗哮喘的可能机制是通过减少内源性皮质醇的释放,抑制Th2细胞的活化,从而减少IL-4的合成。
Objective To observe the effects of music therapy on serum cortisol (CORT), interleukin-4 (IL-4) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) Effects on immune function in asthmatic rats after stress. Methods Thirty-two healthy adult Wistar male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal control group, asthma model group, stress asthma group and music therapy group. Using ovalbumin to stimulate asthma and restraint stress to establish the model of stress asthma in rats, using Mozart music as a method to relieve stress. Radioimmunoassay was used to determine serum cortisol, IL-4 and IL-1β in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Results The content of IL-4 in asthmatic model group was significantly higher than that in normal control group (P <0.05). The content of IL-4 in asthmatic group was higher than that in asthma model group (P <0.05), while the content of IL-4 in music therapy group was Stress asthma group was significantly reduced (P <0.05). In addition, the level of serum cortisol in stress-induced asthma group was significantly higher than that in normal control group (P <0.05). The level of serum cortisol in music-treated group was significantly lower than that in stressed asthma group (P <0.05). The content of IL-1β in brain tissue of asthmatic group was higher than that of normal control group (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference in other groups. Conclusions Psychological stress aggravates inflammatory changes of lung tissue in asthmatic rats. Musical therapy can improve peripheral and central immune parameters and may relieve asthma in stressed rats. The possible mechanism of music in the treatment of asthma is to reduce the synthesis of IL-4 by reducing the release of endogenous cortisol and inhibiting the activation of Th2 cells.