目的 :探讨肾结石并发肾盂肿瘤的漏诊原因。方法 :对 13例肾结石并发肾盂肿瘤患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 :术前经B超、CT诊断为肾结石并发肾盂肿瘤仅 2例 ,漏诊 11例 ,漏诊率为 84 .6 %。 5例行根治性肾切除 ,8例因肾结石并肾重度积液、功能丧失 ,病理报告肾结石并发肾盂非上皮性肿瘤而行单纯肾切除。 10例获随访 ,6例生存已 6个月～ 6年。结论 :患者除具一般肾结石的症状、体征外 ,缺乏特异性。术前应高度重视临床资料中提示的有意义的征象 ,术中应仔细探查。 Objective: To investigate the causes of missed diagnosis of renal calculi with renal pelvis tumors. Methods: The clinical data of 13 patients with renal calculi complicated with renal pelvis tumors were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Preoperative diagnosis of renal calculi by renal ultrasound and CT was only 2 cases with renal pelvis tumor, 11 cases missed diagnosis, the rate of misdiagnosis was 84.6%. Radical nephrectomy was performed in 5 cases, nephrectomy in 8 cases with nephrolithiasis, severe hydronephrosis, loss of function and pathological report of renal pelvis non-epithelial neoplasm. Ten patients were followed up and 6 patients survived 6 months to 6 years. Conclusion: In addition to the general symptoms and signs of kidney stones, the lack of specificity. Preoperative should attach great importance to the clinical data suggest meaningful signs, surgery should be carefully explored.