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英语中的不定式空主语受主语或宾语的控制,且承担动词的外题元角色和满足句子的EPP特征。而在现代汉语中,动词性结构可以直接充当句子的主语或宾语,且一般不需要任何额外的形态标记。汉语中主宾语位置上的动词性结构是否是不定式句,题元理论是否适合汉语的句式,汉语中的不定式空主语是否也要受到控制,文章就这些问题通过英汉两种语言的对比,发现在汉语中也有定式句和不定式句之分,不定式空主语在英汉两种语言中都要受到控制并承担动词的外题元角色,不过在英语中不定式空主语要在句法层面上受到严格控制,而在汉语中不定式空主语在逻辑层面上受到控制。
The infinitive empty subject in English is controlled by the subject or object, and assumes the role of the extra-topic of the verb and satisfies the EPP features of the sentence. In modern Chinese, the verb structure can directly act as the subject or object of the sentence, and generally does not require any additional morphological markings. Whether the verb structure in the position of the main object in Chinese is an infinitive sentence or not, whether the topic theory is suitable for the Chinese sentence or not, and whether the infinitive empty subject in Chinese should be controlled are also discussed in the paper. , It is found that there are also fixed sentences and infinitive sentences in Chinese. Infinitive empty subjects are controlled in both English and Chinese and assume the role of extra-topic of the verbs. However, in English, infinitive empty subjects should be syntactically On the subject of strict control, and in Chinese infinitive empty subjects under the logic level control.