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[目的]了解珠三角和广东沿海地区广州管圆线虫宿主、中间宿主的分布及感染情况。[方法]在珠三角和粤东、粤中、粤西沿海地区按地理位置各抽3～4个县进行采集活福寿螺、褐云玛瑙螺和新鲜鼠粪、捕集老鼠解剖检查病原体。[结果]2006～2008年在珠三角地区、粤东、粤中和粤西沿海共12个县(市、区)进行调查,均发现有福寿螺和褐云玛瑙螺孳生,广州管圆线虫的平均感染率分别为6.83%和16.89%,后者明显高于前者(χ2=65.44,P﹤0.01)。福寿螺和褐云玛瑙螺的感染率均以珠三角的最高,粤东沿海的次之、粤西的较低。幼虫感染密度最高的福寿螺是110条/只,褐云玛瑙螺的12000条/只。感染率与螺的孳生环境、螺体大小有关,褐云玛瑙螺大的(≥70g)和中等(﹤70g)的感染率分别为40%和13.64%(χ2=8.20,P﹤0.005)。福寿螺大的(≥30g)和中、小(﹤30g)的感染率分别为17.50%和4.08%(χ2=3.88,P﹤0.05)。水沟里采集的福寿螺和灌木丛采集的褐云玛瑙螺的感染率最高,分别为8.14%(18/221)和31.58%(18/57)。终宿主以褐家鼠的感染率(14.79%,21/142)较高,其他鼠中也发现有广州管圆线虫寄生。[结论]广东省珠三角和沿海地区广州管圆线虫终宿主鼠类和中间宿主福寿螺及褐云玛瑙螺等分布广泛,感染比较严重。
[Objective] To understand the distribution and infection status of host and intermediate host of C. elegans in the Pearl River Delta and Guangdong coastal areas. [Method] In the Pearl River Delta, eastern Guangdong, central Guangdong and western Guangdong, 3 or 4 counties were sampled from different locations to collect live snails, snails and fresh rat droppings. The pathogens of the rats were collected. [Result] In 2006-2008, 12 counties (cities and districts) in the Pearl River Delta, eastern Guangdong, central Guangdong and western Guangdong were surveyed. Both the snails were found in the coastal areas of Pearl River Delta, The infection rates were 6.83% and 16.89%, respectively, which were significantly higher than the former (χ2 = 65.44, P <0.01). The prevalence rates of longevity snails and brown snails were highest in the Pearl River Delta, the second in the eastern Guangdong and the lower in western Guangdong. The larva infected highest density of snails is 110 / only, the brown cloud agate spiral 12000 / only. The infection rate was related to the breeding environment of snails and the size of spirochetes. The prevalences of large (≥70g) and moderate (<70g) infections were 40% and 13.64%, respectively (χ2 = 8.20, P <0.005). The prevalences of large (≥30g) and small (<30g) infections were 17.50% and 4.08%, respectively (χ2 = 3.88, P <0.05). The highest infection rates were collected from snails and shrubs collected in ditches, 8.14% (18/221) and 31.58% (18/57), respectively. The infection rate of Rattus norvegicus in the final host (14.79%, 21/142) was higher than that in other mice. [Conclusion] The terminal host mice and intermediate hosts, Loxinsutum and Aralia elata, were widely distributed in the Pearl River Delta and the coastal areas of Guangdong Province, with relatively serious infection.