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研究目的是揭示长期施肥对棕壤主要酶活性的影响,为土壤培肥以及合理施肥提供理论依据。研究试材采自沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院棕壤肥料长期定位试验微区,共11个施肥处理。结果表明,土壤转化酶、中性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶在玉米拔节期及灌浆期出现两个活性高峰,脲酶在玉米拔节期、过氧化氢酶在玉米大喇叭口期各出现一个活性高峰。长期施用有机肥能够提高土壤过氧化氢酶、转化酶及脲酶活性,降低土壤磷酸酶活性,磷肥能够增强土壤过氧化氢酶及转化酶的活性,氮肥则对过氧化氢酶、转化酶、脲酶具有抑制作用。土壤各种酶之间及酶与土壤养分、玉米产量之间存在显著或极显著相关性。因此合理施肥营造良好的土壤生物化学环境将有利于土壤肥力的保持与提高,为作物的高产稳产提供有利保障。
The purpose of this study is to reveal the effects of long-term fertilization on the activity of major enzymes in brown earth so as to provide a theoretical basis for soil fertility and fertilization. The test materials were collected from the long-term experiment of brown soil fertilizers micro-area of the College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, a total of 11 fertilization treatments. The results showed that soil invertase, neutral phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase showed two active peaks at the jointing and filling stages of maize. At the jointing stage of maize, the catalase showed an active peak at the maize hypersonate stage . Long-term application of organic manure can increase soil catalase, invertase and urease activities, reduce soil phosphatase activity, phosphorus fertilizer can enhance the activity of soil catalase and invertase, nitrogen fertilizer on catalase, invertase, urease With inhibition. There was a significant or extremely significant correlation between various enzymes in soil and between enzyme and soil nutrient and corn yield. Therefore, rational fertilization to create a good soil biochemical environment will be conducive to the maintenance and improvement of soil fertility, high yield for the crop to provide a favorable guarantee.