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为探讨延胡索种茎分级与药材产量和质量的关系,通过相关分析、主成分分析确定延胡索种茎的分级指标,利用K-均值聚类分析将32份延胡索材料分为3级。以各等级种茎为处理连续2年进行田间对比试验,于生长期测定延胡索植株的生长指标、光合效率及产量参数,收获后室内测定延胡索药材有效成分含量,确定净度和最大直径为延胡索种茎的分级指标,初步确立了延胡索种茎的质量分级标准。结果表明:其中Ⅰ级延胡索种茎,净度≥98%,直径≥1.85cm;Ⅱ级延胡索种茎,净度≥95%,种苗直径≥1.50cm;Ⅲ级延胡索种茎,净度≥92%,种苗直径≥1.00cm。不同等级延胡索种茎对植株生长、光合效率及产量有显著影响,均表现为:Ⅰ级>Ⅱ级>Ⅲ级。Ⅰ、Ⅱ级种茎对延胡索生长和产量的影响差异不显著,均与Ⅲ级差异显著;有效成分延胡索乙素含量表现为:Ⅲ级(0.086%)>Ⅱ级(0.085%)>Ⅰ级(0.081%),三者差异不显著,但均高于《中国药典》(2015年版)0.05%的标准。
In order to investigate the relationship between the stem diameter and the yield and quality of medicinal materials, the classification indexes of the stems of Rhizoma Coptidis were determined by correlation analysis and principal component analysis. The 32 materials were divided into three grades by K-means clustering analysis. The growth of photosynthetic rate, photosynthetic efficiency and yield parameters of Corynebacterium tenuiflora were measured in the field. The contents of active ingredients in Corydalis yanhusuo after harvest were determined, and the clarity and the maximum diameter were determined. Stems grading index, initially established the quality standard grafting Corydalis stems. The results showed that the stems of class Ⅰ corydalis had a net clarity of ≥98% and a diameter of ≥1.85 cm. Grade Ⅱ corydalis stems with a net clarity of ≥95% and diameter of seedlings ≥1.50 cm, %, Seed diameter ≥ 1.00cm. Different levels of Prunus salicina stalks have significant effects on plant growth, photosynthetic efficiency and yield, are manifested as: Ⅰ grade> Ⅱ> Ⅲ grade. The effects of Ⅰ and Ⅱ stems on the growth and yield of Corydalis yanhusuo were not significant, which were all significantly different from those of Ⅲ. The content of tetrahydropalmatine was as follows: Grade Ⅲ (0.086%)> Grade Ⅱ (0.085%)> Grade Ⅰ 0.081%). The difference between the three was insignificant, but both were higher than the standard of 0.05% of Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 edition).