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对固安县１９９４年因肺炎住院儿童及健康儿童各５７例进行了病例对照研究。结果表明：儿童患肺炎主要与非母乳喂养、患营养不良性疾病、胎儿期母亲患病、母亲文化程度及家庭人均收入有关。调查中发现农村儿童家长普遍缺乏有关的卫生保健知识，因此提出：加强对农村儿童家长的健康教育，以预防儿童急性上呼吸道感染，提高农村社区卫生保健水平。
A case-control study was conducted on 57 children hospitalized with pneumonia and healthy children in Gu’an County in 1994. The results showed that pneumonia in children was mainly related to non-breastfeeding, malnutrition-related diseases, the prevalence of mothers during the first trimester, the educational level of the mothers and per capita income of the family. In the survey, parents of rural children generally lacked the knowledge about health care. Therefore, they proposed that health education be strengthened for parents of children in rural areas so as to prevent acute upper respiratory tract infection in children and improve the level of health care in rural communities.