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传统翻译理论把“忠实”和“对等”作为评价译作的标准,但把这两个原则作为翻译批评的标准不够科学和客观。基于传统翻译理论所呈现的弊端,功能派翻译理论的核心理论目的论应运而生。它视翻译是一种有目的的人类行为,强调译者应根据译文的预期目的来决定翻译过程中的各种选择。本文从目的论角度出发,对《汤姆叔叔的小屋》两种具有代表性的中译本进行比较研究,指出译者基于不同的翻译目的采取了不同的翻译策略,使译文呈现不同的翻译风格,取得不同的翻译效果。总体而言,两个译本都实现了翻译目的,满足了读者的期待,因此都能被读者接受。
Traditional translation theories use “faithfulness” and “equivalence” as criteria for translation evaluation, but it is not scientific and objective to regard these two principles as criteria for translation criticism. Based on the drawbacks of the traditional translation theory, the core theory of functionalism translation theory came into being. It regards translation as a purposive human behavior, emphasizing that the translator should decide the various options in the process of translation according to the intended purpose of the translation. This essay, from the perspective of teleology, makes a comparative study of two representative Chinese versions of “Uncle Tom’s Cabin”, pointing out that the translator adopts different translation strategies based on different purposes of translation, rendering the translation different in translation style. Different translation effects. In general, both translations fulfill the purpose of translation and satisfy the reader’s expectations, so they can be accepted by readers.