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初中学生年龄较小,好奇心和求知欲都较强,在课堂上喜欢表现自己,但自我控制能力较差,注意力容易分散。如何针对初中学生的这些特点,设计处理好课堂上引导学生时提出的问题,是提高课堂教学效果非常重要的一个环节。从认知心理学的角度看,学生所要掌握的知识意义建构是需要有精心的问题设计为基础的、学生的主体地位,教师的主导作用也都需要由精美的问题设计来体现。因此,在物理教学设计中,特别要重视挖掘教材与生活的联系、与学生已有知识经验的联系以及教材前后知识间的联系,精心设计问题。
Junior high school students are younger, have a lot of curiosity and curiosity, prefer to express themselves in the classroom, but they have poor self-control and are easily distracted. How to deal with these characteristics of junior high school students to deal with the problems raised in the classroom to guide students is to improve classroom teaching is a very important aspect. From the cognitive psychology point of view, students need to grasp the construction of the meaning of knowledge requires elaborate problem-based design, the dominant position of students, teachers also need to be led by the exquisite design of the problem to reflect. Therefore, in the design of physics teaching, special attention should be paid to excavating the connection between teaching materials and life, the connection with students’ existing knowledge and experience and the knowledge before and after teaching materials.