本文从地震模型实验入手,讨论和测试了垂直地震剖面法在多个薄层粘合的二维固体模型中地震直达波、反射波的运动规律,及其各向异性现象。利用坐标变换方法,将多层的各向异性介质转换成均匀各向同性介质,从而推导出地震反射波理论时-深方程。通过模型的测定,介绍了各向异性系数的求取及地质剖面的构制方法。比较了各向异性理论及均匀同性理论解释的地质剖面,肯定了各向异性理论在垂直地震剖面法解释中的可靠性。 Starting from the seismic model experiment, this paper discusses and tests the motion law and the anisotropy of the seismic direct wave and reflected wave in the two-dimensional solid model with multiple layers bonded by the vertical seismic section method. Using the coordinate transformation method, the multi-layer anisotropic medium is transformed into a homogeneous isotropic medium to derive the time-depth equation of seismic reflection wave theory. Through the determination of the model, the calculation of the anisotropy coefficient and the method of constructing the geological section are introduced. The anisotropy theory and the homogeneous isomorphism theory are compared, and the reliability of the anisotropy theory in the interpretation of the vertical seismic section method is affirmed.