论文部分内容阅读
在安徽省淮北地区,暗黑金龟子Holotrichia parallela Motsehulsky和铜绿金龟子Anomala corpulenta MotschuIsky 1年发生1代,一般以三龄幼虫越冬;大黑金龟子Holotrichia oblita Faldermann两年发生1代,以成虫和三龄幼虫交替越冬。三种金龟子相同虫态(龄、期)在地下的垂直分布基本一致。3月下旬至4月上旬,铜绿、大黑金龟子越冬幼虫上升为害,而暗黑金龟子越冬幼虫则停留在越冬土室内直至化蛹。大黑金龟子成虫羽化后蛰伏至翌年4月,然后出土;另两种成虫羽化后于当年5月下旬开始出土。从成虫出土后至三龄幼虫下蛰前,群体分布在浅土层。幼虫为害夏季作物,并在下蛰前为害秋播小麦。土温决定了幼、成虫春季的上升和秋季的下蛰。群体在浅土层活动期,土壤湿度是群体升降的主要因素。土壤结构、寄主植物成熟期和幼虫龄期均能影响群体的垂直分布。暗黑金龟子从三龄幼虫下蛰至羽化成虫上升,这期间群体垂直分布不变,呈正态分布。
In Huaibei area of Anhui Province, Holotrichia parallela Motsehulsky and Anomala corpulenta MotschuIsky occur for 1 year in the first instar and usually overwinter in the third instar larvae. Holotrichia oblita Faldermann occurs one generation in two years, alternating the overwintering adult and third instar larvae . Three kinds of beetles in the same state (age, period) in the vertical distribution of the ground is basically the same. From late March to early April, the overwintering larvae of patina and black-headed black-beetles rose, while the over-wintering larva of dark-backed beetle stayed in the winter soil until pupation. Large black beetle adult feathers dormant to April the following year, and then unearthed; the other two adult feathers after the beginning of May unearthed in late May. From the adults unearthed until the third instar larvae sting, the population distributed in shallow soil. Larvae damage to summer crops, and in the next sting before the autumn sowing wheat. Soil temperature determines the young, adult spring rise and autumn sting. During the period of shallow soil activity, the soil moisture is the main factor of population movements. Soil structure, host plant maturity and larval instability all affected the vertical distribution of the population. Dark beetle from the larvae of the third instar larvae to emergence adult rise, during which the vertical distribution of the same group was normal distribution.