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目的探讨海洛因成瘾大鼠心电图及心肌超微结构的改变,为海洛因对心脏的损害机制提供研究基础。方法建立大鼠海洛因成瘾模型,观察心电图、HE染色及心肌超微结构改变。结果大鼠海洛因成瘾组心电图改变明显,主要表现在心率减慢、P波及T波压低、时间延长,S-T段压低、时间延长,QT间期延长,上述差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),提示心肌损伤、心肌缺血及心室功能下降。电镜改变主要表现在核浓缩,核变小,核膜皱缩,染色质凝集成块,线粒体嵴排列紊乱、消失及空泡变等,提示海洛因可造成心肌细胞超微结构的病理改变。结论海洛因对心肌可造成损害,并且心肌超微结构改变提示心肌凋亡可能是海洛因造成心肌损伤的机制之一。
Objective To investigate the changes of electrocardiogram (ECG) and myocardial ultrastructure in heroin addicted rats and provide the basis for the study of the mechanism of heroin damage to the heart. Methods The model of heroin addiction in rats was established. Electrocardiogram, HE staining and myocardial ultrastructure were observed. Results The changes of electrocardiogram in heroin addicts group were obvious. The main manifestations were heart rate, P wave and T wave depression, prolongation of time, depression of ST segment, prolongation of QT interval, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05) , Suggesting that myocardial injury, myocardial ischemia and decreased ventricular function. Electron microscopy changes in the nuclear enrichment, nuclear smaller, shrinkage of the nuclear membrane, chromatin condensation block, mitochondrial cristae arranged disorder, disappearance and vacuolar changes, suggesting that heroin can cause myocardial cell ultrastructure pathological changes. Conclusion Heroin can cause damage to the myocardium, and myocardial ultrastructure changes suggest that myocardial apoptosis may be one of the mechanisms of heroin-induced myocardial damage.