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甲状腺滤泡细胞的主要功能是合成、分泌甲状腺激素,此过程需要碘、甲状腺球蛋白、甲状腺过氧化物酶、H2O2等四种重要成分并依赖TSH-cAMP系统的调节。甲状腺激素合成通路中多种甲状腺特有基因的表达受甲状腺特异性转录因子调控。三种甲状腺特异性转录因子TTF-1、TTF-2和Pax-8中,TTF-1和Pax-8与甲状腺肿瘤的发生有关;浓缩碘的能力是正常甲状腺组织的一个功能特征,钠/碘转运体介导活性碘的转运,与同位素扫描的“冷、凉”结节关联,是甲状腺癌放射性碘治疗的依据之一。它们与甲状腺肿瘤的关系是当今甲状腺分子病理学研究的热点。
The primary function of thyroid follicular cells is the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones, which require iodine, thyroglobulin, thyroid peroxidase, H2O2 and other four important components and rely on TSH-cAMP system regulation. The thyroid hormone synthesis pathway in a variety of thyroid-specific gene expression by thyroid-specific transcription factor regulation. TTF-1 and Pax-8 in three thyroid-specific transcription factors TTF-1, TTF-2 and Pax-8 are related to the occurrence of thyroid tumors; iodine concentration is a functional feature of normal thyroid tissue, and sodium / iodine Transporter-mediated transport of active iodine, associated with the “cold and cool” nodules of isotope scans, is one of the bases for the treatment of radioiodine in thyroid cancer. Their relationship with thyroid tumors is the current focus of thyroid molecular pathology.