笛卡儿(Descartes,René,1596-1660),法国数学家、科学家和哲学家.他是西方近代资产阶级哲学奠基人之一.他的哲学与数学思想对历史的影响是深远的.人们在他的墓碑上刻下了这样一句话:“笛卡儿,欧洲文艺复兴以来,第一个为人类争取并保证理性权利的人.”笛卡儿出生于法国,父亲是法国一个地方法院的评议员,相当于现在的律师和法官.一 Descartes (René, 1596-1660), a French mathematician, scientist and philosopher who was one of the founders of modern Western bourgeois philosophy and whose philosophical and mathematical ideas had a profound historical impact. On his tombstone was engraved this sentence: “Descartes, the first man to secure and justify human rights for mankind since the European Renaissance.” Descartes was born in France and his father was a French court Commenders, the equivalent of current lawyers and judges