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一、吐鲁番盆地自然环境吐鲁番盆地是天山东部典型的地堑盆地,全国最低和最热的地方.盆地西有喀拉为成山,北为博格达山,东界和南界为觉罗塔格山.地势西、北高而东、南低,从博格达山麓到盆地中心偏南的艾丁湖,即盆地最低处(湖底高程为—154米),为程不过100余公里,高差达6,000 余米.盆地内卡尔奇、柯柯牙、二堂、黑沟、煤窖沟、塔尔朗沟、大河沿、阿拉沟等20余条雨雪洪型河流,夏季暴雨加上融雪迳流,形成洪峰高而历时短,冬季几乎断流.这些河流所形成的南坡洪积冲积扇,坡度一般1/30—1/50,上游陡而下游缓,砾石粒径,也是上游大而下游小.地下水位渐下而渐高,含盐量亦渐增.
1. Turpan Basin Natural Environment The Turpan Basin is a typical graben basin in eastern Tianshan, the lowest and hottest place in the country, with the basin of Hualachengshan in the west, Bogda Mountain in the north and Jueluota of the east and south of the basin Ge mountain west of the terrain, high north and east, south low, from the foothills of Bogda to the center of the basin south of Lake Aidin, the lowest point of the basin (lake elevation of -154 meters), but for a distance of more than 100 kilometers, high The difference is more than 6,000 meters.The basin contains more than 20 rain, snow and flood rivers such as KARACHI, KACO Tooth, No. 2 Church, Heigou, coal cellar ditch, Tarronggou, Daheyan and Aragou, The formation of flood peak height and duration short winter almost cut off the formation of these rivers alluvial fan on the southern slope of the alluvial slope generally 1 / 30-1 / 50, the upstream steep and downstream slow gravel diameter, but also the upstream large While the downstream is small.The groundwater level gradually and gradually increased, the salt content also increased.