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万里冰封、白雪皑皑、人迹罕见的北极地区,由于它的战略地位和丰富的资源,近年来也已成为苏美争霸的重要场所。北极地区指的是北极圈,即北纬六十六度三十三分以北地区。从地球仪上看,它处在球体的最上端,象一个圆形的帽盖。总面积达二千一百万平方公里,大体上相当于苏联的面积。它包括北冰洋的绝大部分以及沿岸的亚、欧、北美三洲的陆地和岛屿。其中,海洋面积为一千三百万平方公里,陆地面积约八百万平方公里。这里既有常年不冻的海洋(如挪威海的全部和巴伦支海的西南部),也有常年冰封的“永冰区”,还有无数冰雪覆盖的海岛,以及浮冰和冰山、冰岛等。
Due to its strategic position and abundant resources, the ice-free, snow-capped and arctic Arctic region has become an important place for the Soviet-American hegemony in recent years. The Arctic refers to the Arctic Circle, that is, north of 66 degrees north latitude. From the globe, it is at the very top of the globe, like a round cap. The total area amounts to 21 million square kilometers, roughly the size of the Soviet Union. It includes the vast majority of the Arctic Ocean and the coasts of Asia, Europe, North America, the three continents of land and islands. Among them, the marine area is 13 million square kilometers and the land area is about 8 million square kilometers. There are perennial ice-free sea (such as the whole of the Norwegian Sea and the southwestern part of the Barents Sea), perennial frozen “ice zone”, numerous ice-covered islands, ice floes and icebergs, Iceland Wait.