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目的分析云南省4个独有少数民族糖尿病患病、知晓、治疗和控制的社会经济差异。方法抽取云南省5 532名35岁及以上的纳西族、傈僳族、傣族和景颇族常住居民进行问卷调查和体格检查。采用主成分分析法构建社会经济地位综合得分。结果云南省4个独有少数民族糖尿病的总体患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为4.7%、63.7%、48.1%和24.8%。糖尿病的患病率、知晓率和治疗率随着年龄的增加而升高(P<0.01)。患病率随受教育程度的升高而降低(P<0.05);而治疗率和控制率则随着受教育程度的升高而增加(P<0.05)。医疗服务可及性和家庭财产越好的少数民族,其糖尿病的患病率和治疗率也越高(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,社会经济地位与糖尿病的患病率、治疗率和控制率呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论云南省4个独有少数民族糖尿病的患病率、治疗率和控制率与其社会经济地位呈正相关。应针对不同社会经济状况的少数民族采取相应的糖尿病预防和干预措施。
Objective To analyze the social and economic differences in the prevalence, knowledge, treatment and control of diabetes among 4 ethnic minorities in Yunnan Province. Methods A total of 5 532 residents of Naxi, Lisu, Dai and Jingpo ethnic groups aged 35 and over in Yunnan Province were selected for questionnaire survey and physical examination. Using Principal Component Analysis to Construct Comprehensive Social and Economic Status Score. Results The overall prevalence, awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate of 4 ethnic minorities in Yunnan Province were 4.7%, 63.7%, 48.1% and 24.8% respectively. The prevalence of diabetes, awareness and treatment rate increased with age (P <0.01). The prevalence decreased with the education level (P <0.05), while the treatment rate and control rate increased with the education level (P <0.05). Minority people with access to medical services and better family property have a higher prevalence and treatment rate of diabetes (P <0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that socioeconomic status was positively correlated with the prevalence of diabetes, treatment rate and control rate (P <0.05). Conclusions The prevalence, treatment rate and control rate of diabetes in 4 unique ethnic groups in Yunnan Province are positively correlated with their socio-economic status. Corresponding diabetes prevention and intervention measures should be taken for ethnic minorities with different socio-economic conditions.