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根据化石及孢粉材料分析 ,云杉起源于晚白垩纪 ,属古新世 ,在第三纪、第四纪云杉的分布趋于广泛 ,在中国及欧洲的中部、北部都有分布。云杉属现有约 4 0种 ,分布于北半球 ,是北方针叶林的特征种。我国广泛分布的云杉林一般属于垂直森林植被 ,能形成建群种的达 15个 ,在世界云杉林中占有重要的地位 ,有与欧亚大陆泰加林带同种的种类 ,更有许多特有的种类。我国云杉林集中分布于东北、华北、西北和西南地区。
According to the analysis of fossil and sporopollenic materials, spruce originated in the Late Cretaceous and belongs to the Paleocene. In the Tertiary and Quaternary spruce, the distribution of spruce tends to be widespread and distributed in the central and northern parts of China and Europe. There are about 40 species of spruce, distributed in the northern hemisphere, is a characteristic species of the northern coniferous forest. Picea widely distributed in our country are generally vertical forest vegetation, which can form up to 15 species of constructive species and occupy an important position in the spruce forest in the world, having the same species as the Taiga belt of Eurasia, and many more Unique species. Spruce forest in China concentrated in the northeast, north, northwest and southwest.