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有标话题一般不分析为主语,是较为理想的话题研究材料。根据对“至于”标记的话题的考察,(1)话题与主语不能处在同一个位置,否则句子不合格;(2)分别话题与主语的手段很多,除停顿、语气词外,长距离、受事话题、同现主语等都是可选的手段;(3)话题与述题是“主题一内容”关系,这是依据会话合作原则建立起来的一种话语语义关系;(4)分别话题与主语须注重语法形式,不宜单用语法意义作为标准。
There is a standard topic is not analyzed as the subject, is the ideal topic of research materials. According to the examination of the topic labeled “as”, (1) the topic and the subject can not be in the same position, otherwise the sentence is unqualified; (2) there are many means to separate the topic and the subject, Distance, subject matter, co-occurrence subject, etc. are optional means; (3) topic and topic are the “topic-content” relationship, which is a kind of discourse semantic relationship established according to the principle of conversation cooperation; 4) The topic and the subject should pay attention to the grammatical form respectively, and should not be used as a standard grammar alone.