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以硫酸氢钠为催化剂,乙酸与乙醇为原料合成了乙酸乙酯,讨论了酸醇物质的量比、催化剂用量、反应时间、带水剂等因素对酯化率的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件为:以0.2mol乙醇为基准,酸醇物质的量比为1.5:1,催化剂用量为1.5g,反应时间为2h,带水剂环己烷为10mL,乙酸乙酯的酯化率为85.2%。该催化剂具有催化效果好,使用量少,酯化率高,能够重复使用,环境污染小,腐蚀性小,价格低廉易得等特点,是一种很有发展前景的催化剂。
Ethyl acetate was synthesized from acetic acid and ethanol using sodium bisulfate as catalyst and acetic acid and ethanol as raw materials. The effects of the amount of acid and alcohol, the amount of catalyst, the reaction time and the amount of water-carrying agent on the esterification rate were discussed. The conditions were as follows: 0.2mol ethanol as the base, the molar ratio of alcohol to alcohol was 1.5: 1, the amount of catalyst was 1.5g, the reaction time was 2h, cyclohexane was 10mL, the esterification rate of ethyl acetate was 85.2 %. The catalyst has the advantages of good catalytic effect, low usage, high esterification rate, reusability, small environmental pollution, low corrosivity and low price, and is a promising catalyst.