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本研究参照《全国结核病防治规划(2001-2010年)终期评估实施细则》中对社会成本、社会效果、社会效益、成本-效用比,以及效益-成本比的测算方法,回顾性对比分析泰安市“十一五”和“十二五”期间的成本-效益,为实施“十三五”结核病防治规划提供参考.结果 显示,“十一五”期间,全市用于结核病防治工作的总经费为1077.79万元;共登记免费治疗活动性肺结核患者14 936例,避免了64 426例感染、6443例发病;估算节约医疗费用438.93万元,挽回社会经济总价值达153 561.27万元;政府每投入1元人民币,可产生142.89元的社会经济效益.“十二五”期间,全市用于结核病防治工作的总经费为1350.74万元;共登记免费治疗活动性肺结核患者12 146例,避免了42 623例感染、4263例发病;估算节约医疗费用360.40万元,挽回社会经济总价值达866.02万元;政府每投入1元人民币,可产生169.65元的社会经济效益.提示泰安市实施“十一五”和“十二五”结核病防治规划的成本-效益显著,“十二五”期间获得的社会经济效益较“十一五”期间更好.“,”This study retrospectively analyzed the cost-benefit of the tuberculosis (TB) prevention and control plan in Taian city during the “11th Five-year” and the “12th Five-year” period by referring the methods on calculation of social cost,social effect,social benefit and cost-effectiveness ratio, which were used in the “Evaluation Protocol of National TB Control Program (2001 - 2010)”. The aim of this study was to provide reference for the implementation of the 13th Five-year plan for TB control and prevention in Taian City. This study shows that, during the “11th Five-year” period, the total funds used for TB prevention and treatment was RMB 10.7779 million yuan in Taian City, a total of 14 936 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis were notified for receiving free treatment,and 64 426 persons were avoided from TB infections, 6443 persons were prevented to develop active TB. It was estimated that RMB 4.3893 million yuan medical expenses and around RMB 1.5 billion yuan overall social economic value were saved; it meant that RMB 1 yuan investment from the government can generate RMB 142.89 yuan social economic benefits. During the “12th Five-year” period, the total funds used for TB prevention and treatment was RMB 13.507 million yuan in Taian City,a total of 12 146 patients with active pulmonary TB were notified for receiving free treatment, and 42 623 persons were avoided from TB infections, 4263 persons were prevented to develop active TB. It was estimated that RMB 3.6 million yuan medical expenses and around RMB 2.3 billion yuan overall social economic value were saved; it meant that RMB 1 yuan investment from the government can generate RMB 169.65 yuan social economic benefits. This research suggests the cost-effectiveness of the TB prevention and control programme was obvious in Taian city by implementations of the 11th Five-year and the 12th Five-year TB prevention and control program, and the social economic benefits in implementation of the 12th Five-year plan period were higher than that in the implementation of the 11th Five-year plan period.