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1976年7月28日3点42分,在唐山发生了7.8级强烈地震.震前本区浅埋封存咸水层与深层承压淡水层,(自扩口井)的水位,在年动态变化背景上,于72年初普遍出现长期大幅度同步下降异常,并在时间上具有长中短临阶段性显示,在空间上表现出一定的规律性.本文试图通过对地下水位动态特征的粗浅分析,探讨其异常的时空分布规律与地震三要素的某些关系,以期进一步提高分析予报水平.一、地下水位动态类型及特征本区地震地下水位观测资料表明,大多数观测井水位动态,受自然因素(降水、蒸发、气压等),人为因素(河渠放水、蓄水、农田灌溉、工农业开发地下水等)的影响和地质构造及水文地质条件的控制,从而导致地下水位反映出不同的动态特征并表现为不同的类型,而它们反映地震的效果又有着很大的差别.为正确认识地震信息,辨认异常与干扰,首先按水文地质条件及影响因素,将全区地震观测井划分为五种水位动态类型.
July 3, 1976 At 3:42 on the July 8th, a magnitude 7.8 earthquake occurred in Tangshan.The water level of the shallowly sealed saltwater layer, the deep confined freshwater layer and the (self-expanding well) in this area before the earthquake fluctuated during the year In the background, the long-term and large-scale synchronous decline anomalies generally appear in early 72, and have a long, medium and short-term stage display in time, showing a certain regularity in space.This paper attempts to superficially analyze the dynamic characteristics of groundwater table, Discussing some relations between its spatial and temporal distribution anomaly and the three elements of earthquakes in order to further improve the level of analysis and reporting.First, the dynamic types and characteristics of groundwater table Seismic groundwater table observation data show that most of the observed well water level dynamic, subject to natural Factors such as precipitation, evaporation and barometric pressure, human factors such as water discharge from the canal, storage of water, irrigation of farmland, groundwater exploitation by industry and agriculture, and control of geological structure and hydrogeological conditions lead to groundwater table reflecting different dynamic characteristics And show different types, and they reflect the effect of the earthquakes are very different.To correctly understand the seismic information, to identify anomalies and interference, first of all according to the hydrogeological conditions and Influencing factors, the whole area seismic observation well is divided into five types of dynamic water level.