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马克思《资本论》第二卷第三篇第十八章里,在分析货币资本作用时提出了生产潜力理论.马克思指出:“并入资本中的各种生产要素的扩大,在一定界限之内,不是取决于预付货币资本的量.在劳动力的报酬相同时,可以从外延方面或内含方面加强对劳动力的剥削.如果货币资本随着这种剥削的加强而增加,那末,它也不是和这种剥削成比例地增加的,因而根本不是相应地增加的.“这只是表明,预付资本——一个既定的价值额,它在它的自由形式上,在它的价值形式上,是由一定的货币额构成的——在转化为生产资本之后,包含着生产的潜力,这些潜力的界限,不是由这个预付资本的价值界限规定的,这些潜力能够在一定的活动范围之内,在外延方面或内含方面按不同程度发挥作用.”根据马克思的论述,这些生产潜力可以具体归纳为以下几个方面:
Marx put forward the theory of productive potential in the analysis of the role of monetary capital in Marx’s Capital, Volume II, Part Three, Chapter 18. Marx pointed out: “The expansion of various factors of production incorporated into capital is within certain limits , Does not depend on the amount of money advanced in advance.When the remuneration of the labor is the same, the exploitation of the labor force can be extroverted or implied.If monetary capital increases with such exploitation, it is not This kind of exploitation increases proportionately and therefore does not add up at all. ”It merely shows that advanced capital, an established value, is in its free form, in its value form, Of the monetary amount - which, after being converted into productive capital, contains the potential for production, the limits of which are not set by the limits of the value of this advanced capital, which can be within certain limits of activity, Or embeddedness, to varying degrees. "According to Marx’s argument, these productive potential can be summarized in the following ways: