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本文以香菇1号菌株的孢子单核体和原生质单核体为材料,用统计学方法对两类单核体的菌丝生长速度和羧甲基纤维素酶活性进行分析,并采用平均连锁聚类方法对酯酶同工酶图谱进行聚类,从交配型角度探讨了不同来源的两类单核体在形态和生化性状上的差异。结果表明:孢子单核体和原生质单核体在菌落形态、菌丝生长速度和羧甲基纤维素酶三个性状上表现出相同的差异趋势,在同一种交配型的个体间,孢子单核体的变异系数明显大于原生质单核体,在酯酶同工酶电泳图谱这一性状上,用聚类方法可以将绝大多数单核体归入所属的交配型范围内。这两类单核体具有的不同表型与它们的不同来源有密切的联系,有性世代中复杂的遗传行为导致孢子单核体中性状出现较大的变异,而作为无性后代的原生质单核体则表现出性状相对稳定的特征,这两类单核体表现出的差异为香菇的遗传和育种研究提供了重要的基础材料。
In this paper, the spore mononuclear and protoplast mononuclear bodies of Shiitake No.1 strain were used as materials to analyze the mycelial growth rate and carboxymethylcellulase activity of two types of mononuclear bodies by using statistical methods. In this study, the esterase isozyme patterns were clustered and the differences of morphological and biochemical traits of two types of mononuclear bodies from different origins were discussed from the perspective of mating type. The results showed that the spore mononuclear and protoplast monokaryons exhibited the same trend of variation in colony morphology, mycelium growth rate and carboxymethylcellulose three traits. In the same mating type individuals, single spore The coefficient of variation was significantly larger than that of protoplasts. In the characterization of esterase isozyme electrophoresis, most of the mononuclear bodies could be classified as belonging to mating type by clustering method. The different phenotypes of these two types of mononuclear bodies are closely related to their different origins. The complex genetic behavior in the sexual generation led to large variations in the traits of sporophyte monokaryons, whereas the protoplasm mononuclear The body showed the characteristics of relatively stable traits. The differences shown by these two types of monokaryons provided important basic materials for the genetic and breeding research of mushrooms.