美国保险合同法中的弃权和禁止抗辩,总体上是为防止保险人滥用其优势地位损害投保人利益的制度设计。弃权是对一种已知权利的自愿放弃,包括明示弃权和默示弃权。禁止抗辩包括衡平禁止抗辩、允诺禁止抗辩、司法禁止抗辩及其他相关原则。衡平禁止抗辩是指发出虚假陈述的人不能够再主张或者举证与其原陈述相反的事实。 Abstaining and prohibiting defenses in the United States Insurance Contract Law are generally designed to prevent the insurer from abusing the dominant position and undermining the policyholders’ interests. A waiver is a voluntary waiver of a known right, including express waiver and implied waiver. Prohibition of defenses include equity prohibition of defense, promised prohibition of defense, judicial prohibition of defense and other related principles. Equity Prohibition is the fact that a person making a false statement can no longer assert or burden the contrary to his original statement.