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干旱是影响农业生产的重要灾害之一。利用转基因方法培育抗旱玉米新品种是一个有效的新手段。近年来,渗透调节物质合成相关基因、转录因子基因和信号传导相关基因在玉米抗旱转基因研究中获得新进展,同时伴侣蛋白基因、解毒酶相关基因、代谢相关基因和转运或通道蛋白基因在植物抗旱方面的作用机制研究正逐步推进,不但为玉米转基因抗旱研究提供了丰富的基因资源和基础材料,同时也为抗旱转基因玉米新品种培育奠定了坚实基础。归纳近年来基因工程技术在玉米抗旱研究方面的最新进展,结合相关研究工作,提出玉米抗旱转基因育种的思路和存在问题,为今后玉米的抗旱转基因研究提供参考。
Drought is one of the major disasters affecting agricultural production. The use of transgenic methods to cultivate new varieties of drought-resistant maize is an effective new means. In recent years, the genes related to osmoregulation substances synthesis, transcription factor genes and signal transduction related genes have made new progress in the study of drought-tolerant maize transgenics. Meanwhile, chaperonin genes, detoxification enzyme related genes, metabolism related genes and transport or channel genes have been widely used in plant drought resistance The research on the mechanism of action is progressively promoted, which not only provides rich genetic resources and basic materials for the research on transgenic drought-resistance maize, but also lays a solid foundation for the cultivation of drought resistant transgenic new varieties of maize. In this paper, the latest progress of genetic engineering in maize drought resistance research in recent years is summarized. Combining with the related research work, the idea and existing problems of maize drought-resistant transgenic breeding are put forward to provide references for future research on transgenic maize drought-resistant gene.