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一、商法思维下的资金运营概述(一)资金运营存在商事风险资金是财产物资的货币表现,是人们创造和实现新价值(包括利润)的基础①。资金运营是资金活动主体借助资金载体在一定的资金环境中进行运动以实现资金活动目标的策划、实施与控制的实践,是各类组织筹资、投资和营运资金等活动的总称。一般而言,资金运营在获取资金收益的同时也存在商事运营风险。如因筹资决策不当,引发资本结构不合理或无效融资,导致企业筹资成本过高或债务危机;或因投资决策失误,引发盲目扩张或丧失发展机遇,导致资金链断裂或资金使用效益低下;或因资金调度不合理、营运不畅,导致财务困境或资金冗余;或因资金活动管控不严,导致资金被挪用、侵占、抽逃或遭受欺诈等;。
I. Overview of Operation of Funds under Commercial Law Thinking (I) Commercial Risk Funding of Funds Funds are the monetary manifestation of property goods and are the basis for people to create and realize new values (including profits) ①. Capital operation is the general term of fund-raising, investment and working capital activities of all kinds of organizations through the practice of planning, implementing and controlling the goal of capital activities with funds carriers in a certain capital environment. Generally speaking, capital operation also has commercial operation risk while obtaining capital income. As a result of improper financing decisions, resulting in capital structure is irrational or invalid financing, leading to high corporate funding costs or debt crisis; or due to errors in investment decisions, resulting in blind expansion or loss of opportunity for development, resulting in broken capital chain or the use of funds ineffective; or Due to unreasonable fund allocation and poor operation, it leads to financial difficulties or redundant funds; or due to the mismanagement of fund activities, funds are misappropriated, misappropriated, withdrawn or subjected to fraud.