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采用两步法工艺,即三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)与纳米碳酸钙(nano-CaCO3)先混炼,再与聚酰胺6(PA6)熔融挤出,制得PA6/EPDM/nano-CaCO3三元复合材料。其中nano-CaCO3分别采用三种不同表面处理剂(硅烷偶联剂A151、钛酸酯偶联剂NDZ105和硬脂酸)进行处理。通过接触角测量分析了nano-CaCO3的表面性能,并利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了三元复合材料的形态。研究结果表明,nano-CaCO3经A151、NDZ105和硬脂酸处理后,其与水的接触角分别从未经表面改性剂处理的nano-CaCO3的65.7°提高到70.9°、109.4°和117.4°。未经表面改性剂处理的nano-CaCO3与EPDM各自独立分散在PA6基体中,经A151处理的nano-CaCO3大多分散在PA6基体与EPDM的界面上,经NDZ105和硬脂酸处理的nano-CaCO3则分散在EPDM相,形成“沙袋结构”。nano-CaCO3经A151、NDZ105和硬脂酸处理后,PA6三元复合材料的冲击强度分别从采用未经表面改性剂处理的nano-CaCO3制备的三元复合材料的25 kJ/m2提高到48 kJ/m2、45 kJ/m2和52 kJ/m2。另外,含有“沙袋结构”粒子的三元复合材料通过微纤化断裂方式耗散外界作用能。
The PA6 / EPDM / nano-CaCO3 powder was prepared by two-step process, that is, EPDM and nano-CaCO3 were first mixed and then melt-extruded with polyamide 6 (PA6) Meta composite materials. Among them, nano-CaCO3 were treated with three different surface treatment agents (silane coupling agent A151, titanate coupling agent NDZ105 and stearic acid). The surface properties of nano-CaCO3 were measured by contact angle measurement. The morphology of the ternary composites was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the contact angles of water-soluble nano-CaCO3 with A151, NDZ105 and stearic acid increased from 65.7 ° for nano-CaCO3 without surface modification to 70.9 °, 109.4 ° and 117.4 °, respectively . The nano-CaCO3 and EPDM without surface modifier were dispersed in PA6 matrix respectively. The nano-CaCO3 treated with A151 was mostly dispersed in the interface of PA6 matrix and EPDM. The nano-CaCO3 treated with NDZ105 and stearic acid Dispersed in the EPDM phase to form a “sandbag structure.” Impact strength of PA6 ternary composites with nano-CaCO3 treated with A151, NDZ105 and stearic acid increased from 25 kJ / m2 for ternary composites prepared with nano-CaCO3 without surface modifier to 48 kJ / m2, 45 kJ / m2 and 52 kJ / m2. In addition, ternary composites containing “sandbag structure” particles dissipate external energy through microfibrillation.