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目的了解常驻青岛的国际旅行者中乙型肝炎(乙肝)病毒(HBV)和丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染状况和流行特征,为防治工作提供理论依据。方法收集2009-2015年申请来华居住1年或1年以上入境人员的个人资料和实验室检测数据,包括血清中乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)、抗-HCV抗体以及血浆谷丙转氨酶(ALT)水平。对其进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2009-2015年,共收集23720例常驻青岛的国际旅行者血液样本,其中男性15 653人,女性8 067人。776份(3.27%)样本血清学检测有异常(HBsAg阳性或抗-HCV抗体阳性)。HBsAg阳性率和抗-HCV抗体阳性率分别为2.81%和0.46%。多因素分析显示,国际旅行者中HBsAg阳性率与年龄、性别、国籍明显相关,而抗-HCV抗体阳性率仅与年龄相关。HBsAg阳性或抗-HCV抗体阳性合并ALT异常都主要发生在男性。HBsAg阳性合并血浆ALT异常主要发生在青壮年组(20~29岁),而抗-HCV抗体阳性合并血浆ALT异常主要发生在中老年组(50~60岁)。结论国际旅行者中年龄、性别、国籍等因素对HBsAg阳性率和抗-HCV抗体阳性率影响有所不同,应根据各自的流行病学特点制定更有针对性的监测和干预措施,并建议开展血清病毒学检测,结合ALT结果,对血清阳性样本进行明确确诊和提供后续医疗服务。
Objective To understand the status and prevalence of Hepatitis B (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among international travelers resident in Qingdao and provide a theoretical basis for prevention and treatment. Methods The personal data and laboratory data of immigrants who applied for living in China for more than one year from 2009 to 2015 were collected, including serum HBsAg, anti-HCV antibody and plasma ALT levels . Descriptive epidemiological analysis. Results A total of 23,720 international travelers blood samples were collected from Qingdao in 2009-2015, including 15,653 males and 8,067 females. Serological tests were abnormal in 776 (3.27%) samples (HBsAg positive or anti-HCV antibody positive). The positive rates of HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies were 2.81% and 0.46% respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the positive rate of HBsAg in international travelers was significantly related to age, gender and nationality, while the positive rate of anti-HCV antibody was only related to age. HBsAg-positive or anti-HCV antibody-positive ALT abnormalities occur mainly in men. HBsAg-positive plasma ALT abnormalities mainly occurred in young adults (20-29 years), while anti-HCV antibodies positive plasma ALT abnormalities mainly occurred in middle-aged and elderly patients (50-60 years). Conclusion The influence of age, sex, nationality and other factors on the positive rates of HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies in international travelers are different. More targeted monitoring and intervention measures should be formulated according to their epidemiological characteristics and suggested to carry out Serological virological testing combined with ALT results clearly identifies seropositive samples and provides follow-up medical services.