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以6个主要鲜食葡萄品种为试材,利用比色和荧光分光光度法测定葡萄的果皮、果肉、种子和果梗中花青素、总酚和总黄酮含量,分析了清除氧自由基(ORAC)、1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基(DPPH·)和铁离子还原(FRAP)能力与多酚类物质之间的相关性。结果表明:葡萄品种多酚类物质主要以黄酮类化合物为主,其中花青素在果皮以及总酚和总黄酮在种子和果梗中含量较高,但多酚类物质在果肉中最低。葡萄品种‘夏黑’果皮中花青素、总酚和总黄酮含量均高于其它葡萄品种。以‘巨玫’果皮和果肉花青素、总酚和总黄酮含量最高,但‘青提’果皮和果肉中花青素、总酚和总黄酮含量均低于其它葡萄品种。通过分析各葡萄品种抗氧化活性与多酚类物质之间的关系发现,果皮中FRAP和ORAC清除率以及种子和果梗中DPPH·清除率与花青素、总酚及总黄酮之间均呈显著性正相关,且多酚类物质含量较高说明其抗氧化活性较强。
Six major fresh grape cultivars were used as materials to determine the content of anthocyanins, total phenols and total flavonoids in the peel, pulp, seeds and fruit stems of grape by colorimetry and fluorescence spectrophotometry. The effects of scavenging oxygen free radicals ORAC), 1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine free radical (DPPH ·) and ferric ion reduction (FRAP) and polyphenols. The results showed that the main polyphenols in grape cultivars were flavonoids, among which anthocyanins were higher in pericarp, total phenols and total flavonoids in seeds and fruiting stems, but polyphenols were the lowest in flesh. The content of anthocyanin, total phenols and total flavonoids in grape varieties ’summer black’ were higher than other grape varieties. The content of anthocyanins, total phenols and total flavonoids in ’jumbo’ peel and pulp was the highest, but the contents of anthocyanin, total phenolics and total flavonoids in peel and pulp of ’Qingtiao’ were lower than those of other grape varieties. By analyzing the relationship between antioxidant activity and polyphenols in grape varieties, it was found that the clearance rate of FRAP and ORAC in the peel and the ratio of DPPH · clearance in seeds and peduncle to anthocyanin, total phenols and total flavonoids Significantly positive correlation, and the higher content of polyphenols shows that its antioxidant activity is strong.